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With the rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs), numerous mature applications of LLMs have emerged in the field of content safety detection. However, we have found that LLMs exhibit blind trust in safety detection agents. The…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yupeng Ren

Typographic attacks exploit the interplay between text and visual content in multimodal foundation models, causing misclassifications when misleading text is embedded within images. Existing datasets are limited in size and diversity,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Justus Westerhoff , Erblina Purelku , Jakob Hackstein , Jonas Loos , Leo Pinetzki , Erik Rodner , Lorenz Hufe

Recent progress in video generative models has enabled the creation of high-quality videos from multimodal prompts that combine text and images. While these systems offer enhanced controllability, they also introduce new safety risks, as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ruize Ma , Minghong Cai , Yilei Jiang , Jiaming Han , Yi Feng , Yingshui Tan , Xiaoyong Zhu , Bo Zhang , Bo Zheng , Xiangyu Yue

Vision-language models (VLMs) have revolutionized multimodal AI applications but introduce novel security vulnerabilities that remain largely unexplored. We present the first comprehensive study of steganographic prompt injection attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Chetan Pathade

The advent of Large Language Models LLMs marks a milestone in Artificial Intelligence, altering how machines comprehend and generate human language. However, LLMs are vulnerable to malicious prompt injection attacks, where crafted inputs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Sahasra Kokkula , Somanathan R , Nandavardhan R , Aashishkumar , G Divya

Prompt injection remains a major security risk for large language models. However, the efficacy of existing guardrail models in context-aware settings remains underexplored, as they often rely on static attack benchmarks. Additionally, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Gauri Kholkar , Ratinder Ahuja

As Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate increasing capabilities across real-world applications such as code generation and chatbot assistance, ensuring their safety has become paramount. Unlike traditional Large Language Models (LLMs),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Peiyuan Tang , Haojie Xin , Xiaodong Zhang , Jun Sun , Qin Xia , Zijiang Yang

Aligning Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with safety standards is essential to mitigate risks arising from their multimodal complexity, where integrating vision and language unveils subtle threats beyond the reach of conventional safeguards.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Menglan Chen , Xianghe Pang , Jingjing Dong , WenHao Wang , Yaxin Du , Siheng Chen

Agent systems powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on repository-level code-generation tasks. However, for tasks such as website codebase generation, which depend heavily on visual effects and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zimu Lu , Houxing Ren , Yunqiao Yang , Ke Wang , Zhuofan Zong , Junting Pan , Mingjie Zhan , Hongsheng Li

Computer-use agents are increasingly capable of operating on real operating systems, but this capability has also increased the risks posed by prompt injection, indirect instructions, and visual attacks. Existing defenses typically rely on…

Computation · Statistics 2026-05-14 Kebin Contreras , Carlos Hinojosa , Jorge Bacca , Bernard Ghanem

Agent skills introduce a new and more severe form of indirect injection for LLM agents: unlike traditional indirect prompt injection, attackers can hide malicious instructions inside a dense, action-oriented skill that already functions as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Wenjie Xiao , Xuehai Tang , Biyu Zhou , Songlin Hu , Jizhong Han

End-point monitoring solutions are widely deployed in today's enterprise environments to support advanced attack detection and investigation. These monitors continuously record system-level activities as audit logs and provide deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Hao Zhang , Shuo Shao , Song Li , Zhenyu Zhong , Yan Liu , Zhan Qin

The evolution from static ranking models to Agentic Recommender Systems (Agentic RecSys) empowers AI agents to maintain long-term user profiles and autonomously plan service tasks. While this paradigm shift enhances personalization, it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiachen Qian

The deployment of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has brought forth a unique vulnerability: susceptibility to malicious attacks through visual inputs. This paper investigates the novel challenge of defending MLLMs against such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Renjie Pi , Tianyang Han , Jianshu Zhang , Yueqi Xie , Rui Pan , Qing Lian , Hanze Dong , Jipeng Zhang , Tong Zhang

This report presents a real-world case study demonstrating how prompt injection can attack large language model platforms such as ChatGPT according to a proposed injection framework. By providing three real-world examples, we show how…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Xiangyu Chang , Guang Dai , Hao Di , Haishan Ye

As Large Language Models (LLMs) grow increasingly powerful, multi-agent systems are becoming more prevalent in modern AI applications. Most safety research, however, has focused on vulnerabilities in single-agent LLMs. These include prompt…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Donghyun Lee , Mo Tiwari

Text-to-image models have shown remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality images from natural language descriptions. However, these models are highly vulnerable to adversarial prompts, which can bypass safety measures and produce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Peigui Qi , Kunsheng Tang , Wenbo Zhou , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Tianwei Zhang , Qing Guo , Jie Zhang

Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for analyzing Internet-scale image data, offering significant benefits but also raising critical safety and societal concerns. In particular, open-weight MLLMs may be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zedian Shao , Hongbin Liu , Yuepeng Hu , Neil Zhenqiang Gong

Indirect prompt injection attacks (IPIAs), where large language models (LLMs) follow malicious instructions hidden in input data, pose a critical threat to LLM-powered agents. In this paper, we present IntentGuard, a general defense…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Mintong Kang , Chong Xiang , Sanjay Kariyappa , Chaowei Xiao , Bo Li , Edward Suh

The security of LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) is critically threatened by propagation vulnerability, where malicious agents can distort collective decision-making through inter-agent message interactions. While existing supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Rui Miao , Yixin Liu , Yili Wang , Xu Shen , Yue Tan , Yiwei Dai , Shirui Pan , Xin Wang