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Many classical optimization problems can be mapped to finding the ground states of diagonal Ising Hamiltonians, for which variational quantum algorithms such as the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) provide heuristic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-11 Yanzhu Chen , Linghua Zhu , Chenxu Liu , Nicholas J. Mayhall , Edwin Barnes , Sophia E. Economou

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs), with performance governed by variational parameters $\{\gamma_i, \beta_i\}_{i=0}^{p-1}$. While most prior…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 J. A. Montanez-Barrera , Kristel Michielsen

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a near-term hybrid algorithm intended to solve combinatorial optimization problems, such as MaxCut. QAOA can be made to mimic an adiabatic schedule, and in the $p\to\infty$ limit the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-02 Jonathan Wurtz , Peter J. Love

The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a leading candidate for near-term quantum advantage, yet its practical impact is hindered by limited performance on symmetric local Hamiltonians and the costly optimisation of…

Quantum annealers have been designed to propose near-optimal solutions to NP-hard optimization problems. However, the accuracy of current annealers such as the ones of D-Wave Systems, Inc., is limited by environmental noise and hardware…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-27 Aaron Barbosa , Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo N. Djidjev

In the era of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computing, available quantum resources are limited. Many NP-hard problems can be efficiently addressed using hybrid classical and quantum computational methods. This paper proposes a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Dongmei Liu , Jian Li , Xiubo Cheng , Shibing Zhang , Yan Chang , Lili Yan

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) can require considerable processing time for developers to test and debug their codes on expensive quantum devices. One avenue to circumvent this difficulty is to use the error maps of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-05 Wilson R. M. Rabelo , Sandra D. Prado , Leonardo G. Brunnet

Network optimization problems represent large combinatorial search spaces that grow exponentially with network size, making them computationally intensive to solve. This paper addresses the latency-resilient Layer 3 routing optimization…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Maher Harb , Nader Foroughi , Matt Stehman , Bob Lutz , Nati Erez , Erik Garcell

Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has shown promise in solving combinatorial optimization problems by providing quantum speedup on near-term gate-based quantum computing systems. However, QAOA faces challenges for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Seongmin Kim , Vincent R. Pascuzzi , Zhihao Xu , Tengfei Luo , Eungkyu Lee , In-Saeng Suh

The performance of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is closely tied to the structure of the dynamical Lie algebra (DLA) generated by its Hamiltonians, which determines both its expressivity and trainability. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-29 Boris Tsvelikhovskiy , Bao Bach , Jose Falla , Ilya Safro

Combinatorial optimization lies at the heart of numerous real-world applications. For a broad category of optimization problems, quantum computing is expected to exhibit quantum speed-up over classic computing. Among various quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Zixu Wang , Jack Mandell , Yangyang Xu , Jian Shi

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithm that offers the potential to handle combinatorial optimization problems. Introducing constraints in such combinatorial optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Santosh Kumar Radha

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a promising quantum-classical hybrid technique to solve combinatorial optimization problems in near-term gate-based noisy quantum devices. In QAOA, the objective is a function of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Mahabubul Alam , Abdullah Ash-Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

In this work, we compare the performance of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) with state-of-the-art classical solvers such as Gurobi and MQLib to solve the combinatorial optimization problem MaxCut on 3-regular graphs.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-01 Danylo Lykov , Jonathan Wurtz , Cody Poole , Mark Saffman , Tom Noel , Yuri Alexeev

The practical implementation of quantum optimization algorithms on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices requires accounting for their limited connectivity. As such, the Parity architecture was introduced to overcome this limitation by…

We show through numerical simulation that the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) for higher-order, random-coefficient, heavy-hex compatible spin glass Ising models has strong parameter concentration across problem sizes from…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-13 Elijah Pelofske , Andreas Bärtschi , Lukasz Cincio , John Golden , Stephan Eidenbenz

The design of fast algorithms for combinatorial optimization greatly contributes to a plethora of domains such as logistics, finance, and chemistry. Quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOAs), which utilize the power of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Zeqiao Zhou , Yuxuan Du , Xinmei Tian , Dacheng Tao

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a highly promising variational quantum algorithm that aims to solve combinatorial optimization problems that are classically intractable. This comprehensive review offers an overview…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising variational quantum algorithm introduced to tackle classically intractable combinatorial optimization problems. This tutorial offers a comprehensive, first-principles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Alessandro Giovagnoli

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising candidate for achieving quantum advantage in combinatorial optimization. However, its variational framework presents a long-standing challenge in selecting circuit parameters.…