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Solving differential equations is one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. Recently we proposed an efficient quantum algorithm for solving one-dimensional Poisson equation avoiding the need to perform quantum arithmetic…

We develop a Hamiltonian switching ansatz for bipartite control that is inspired by the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), to mitigate environmental noise on qubits. We illustrate the approach with application to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-20 Zhibo Yang , Robert L. Kosut , K. Birgitta Whaley

Transportation systems such as urban logistics, vehicle routing, and infrastructure planning require solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems under complex constraints. Problems such as the vehicle routing problem (VRP),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-30 Talha Azfar , Ruimin Ke , Sean He , Cara Wang , José Holguín-Veras

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) exhibits significant potential for tackling combinatorial optimization problems. Despite its promise for near-term quantum devices, a major challenge in applying QAOA lies in the cost of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Mingyou Wu , Hanwu Chen

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) protocols have provably exponential bounds on the cost scaling; however, exploring which regimes QEM can recover usable results is still of sizable interest. The expected absence of complete error correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-12 Ugnė Liaubaitė , S. E. Skelton

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) promises to solve classically intractable computational problems in the area of combinatorial optimization. A growing amount of evidence suggests that the originally proposed form of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-04 Michelle Chalupnik , Hans Melo , Yuri Alexeev , Alexey Galda

We present tools and methods to generalize parity compilation to digital quantum computing devices with arbitrary connectivity graphs and construct circuit implementations for the constraint Hamiltonian of higher-order constrained binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-01 Roeland ter Hoeven , Anette Messinger , Wolfgang Lechner

Farhi et al. recently proposed a class of quantum algorithms, the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), for approximately solving combinatorial optimization problems. A level-p QAOA circuit consists of p steps; in each step a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-01 Zhihui Wang , Stuart Hadfield , Zhang Jiang , Eleanor G. Rieffel

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a leading hybrid heuristic for combinatorial optimization, but efficiently handling hard constraints remains a significant challenge. XY-mixers successfully confine quantum state…

In this work we develop theoretical techniques for analysing the performance of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) when applied to random boolean constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), and use these techniques to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Sami Boulebnane , Maria Ciudad-Alañón , Lana Mineh , Ashley Montanaro , Niam Vaishnav

In the current NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) era, simulating and verifying noisy quantum circuits is crucial but faces challenges such as quantum state explosion and complex noise representations, constraining simulation and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Mingyu Huang , Ji Guan , Wang Fang , Mingsheng Ying

In the search for quantum advantage in real--world problems, one promising avenue is to use a quantum algorithm to improve on the solution found using an efficient classical algorithm. The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Yunlong Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang , Nic Shannon , Robert Joynt

We develop a qubit routing algorithm with polynomial classical run time for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). The algorithm follows a two step process. First, it obtains a near-optimal solution, based on Vizing's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-27 Ayse Kotil , Fedor Simkovic , Martin Leib

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a general purpose quantum algorithm designed for combinatorial optimization. We analyze its expected performance and prove concentration properties at any constant level (number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-19 Joao Basso , David Gamarnik , Song Mei , Leo Zhou

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) transforms a simple many-qubit wavefunction into one which encodes a solution to a difficult classical optimization problem. It does this by optimizing the schedule according to which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Yunlong Yu , Chenfeng Cao , Carter Dewey , Xiang-Bin Wang , Nic Shannon , Robert Joynt

The recently proposed QAOA-GPT framework demonstrated that generative pre-trained transformers can learn mappings between problem graphs and optimized quantum circuits for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Leanto Sunny , Abhinav Rijal , George Siopsis

In the near-term noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, high noise will significantly reduce the fidelity of quantum computing. Besides, the noise on quantum devices is not stable. This leads to a challenging problem: At run-time, is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-13 Zhirui Hu , Robert Wolle , Mingzhen Tian , Qiang Guan , Travis Humble , Weiwen Jiang

Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has attracted much attention as an algorithm that has the potential to efficiently solve combinatorial optimization problems. Among them, a fermionic QAOA (FQAOA) for solving constrained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Takuya Yoshioka , Keita Sasada , Yuichiro Nakano , Keisuke Fujii

The variational preparation of complex quantum states using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is of fundamental interest, and becomes a promising application of quantum computers. Here, we systematically study the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Zheng-Hang Sun , Yong-Yi Wang , Jian Cui , Heng Fan

Despite rapid advances in quantum computing technologies, the qubit connectivity limitation remains to be a critical challenge. Both near-term NISQ quantum computers and relatively long-term scalable quantum architectures do not offer full…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Ji Liu , Peiyi Li , Huiyang Zhou