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Dual-energy CT (DECT) has been increasingly used in imaging applications because of its capability for material differentiation. However, material decomposition suffers from magnified noise from two CT images of independent scans, leading…

Medical Physics · Physics 2019-06-19 Wenkun Zhang , Hanming Zhang , Linyuan Wang , Xiaohui Wang , Ailong Cai , Lei Li , Tianye Niu , Bin Yan

Pneumothorax, also called a collapsed lung, refers to the presence of the air in the pleural space between the lung and chest wall. It can be small (no need for treatment), or large and causes death if it is not identified and treated on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-09 Ayat Abedalla , Malak Abdullah , Mahmoud Al-Ayyoub , Elhadj Benkhelifa

Biomedical image segmentation is one of the fastest growing fields which has seen extensive automation through the use of Artificial Intelligence. This has enabled widespread adoption of accurate techniques to expedite the screening and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-12 Shashank Shekhar , Ritika Nandi , H Srikanth Kamath

The diagnosis of bronchiectasis requires measuring abnormal bronchial dilation. It is confirmed using a chest CT scan, where the key feature is an increased broncho-arterial ratio (BAR) (>0.8 in children), often with bronchial wall…

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), AI-assisted medical imaging analysis demonstrates remarkable performance in early lung cancer screening. However, the costly annotation process and privacy concerns limit the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Yifan Jiang , Yannick Lemaréchal , Sophie Plante , Josée Bafaro , Jessica Abi-Rjeile , Philippe Joubert , Philippe Després , Venkata Manem

The key manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD) is development of fibroatheromatous plaque, the cap of which may rupture and subsequently lead to coronary artery blocking and heart attack. As such, quantitative analysis of coronary…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Yaopeng Peng , Zhi Chen , Andreas Wahle , Tomas Kovarnik , Milan Sonk , Danny Z. Chen

Weakly supervised disease classification of CT imaging suffers from poor localization owing to case-level annotations, where even a positive scan can hold hundreds to thousands of negative slices along multiple planes. Furthermore, although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Anindo Saha , Fakrul I. Tushar , Khrystyna Faryna , Vincent M. D'Anniballe , Rui Hou , Maciej A. Mazurowski , Geoffrey D. Rubin , Joseph Y. Lo

Medical imaging is vital in computer assisted intervention. Particularly cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with defacto real time and mobility capabilities plays an important role. However, CBCT images often suffer from artifacts, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Maximilian E. Tschuchnig , Philipp Steininger , Michael Gadermayr

In recent years, the integration of deep learning techniques into medical imaging has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases, particularly in the context of COVID-19 and pneumonia. This paper presents a novel,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-14 Md. Asiful Islam Miah , Shourin Paul , Sunanda Das , M. M. A. Hashem

Diffusion-based voxel prior modelling is challenging for the reconstruction of large-scale 3D porous microstructures. Due to the demanding requirements for simultaneously modelling both the continuous pore morphology and the discrete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yue Shi , Peng Wang , Mingzhe Yu , Yunlong Zhao , Li Liu , Gareth D Hatton , Yan Lyu , Liangxiu Han

An early effective screening and grading of COVID-19 has become imperative towards optimizing the limited available resources of the medical facilities. An automated segmentation of the infected volumes in lung CT is expected to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-20 Pallabi Dutta , Sushmita Mitra

Computer-aided diagnosis for low-dose computed tomography (CT) based on deep learning has recently attracted attention as a first-line automatic testing tool because of its high accuracy and low radiation exposure. However, existing methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-28 Kyung-Su Kim , Seong Je Oh , Ju Hwan Lee , Myung Jin Chung

Detecting objects in aerial images is challenging for at least two reasons: (1) target objects like pedestrians are very small in pixels, making them hardly distinguished from surrounding background; and (2) targets are in general sparsely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Fan Yang , Heng Fan , Peng Chu , Erik Blasch , Haibin Ling

Automated defect detection from UAV imagery of transmission lines is a challenging task due to the small size, ambiguity, and complex backgrounds of defects. This paper proposes TinyDef-DETR, a DETR-based framework designed to achieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Feng Shen , Jiaming Cui , Wenqiang Li , Shuai Zhou

Accurately quantifying tree cover is an important metric for ecosystem monitoring and for assessing progress in restored sites. Recent works have shown that deep learning-based segmentation algorithms are capable of accurately mapping trees…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Josh Veitch-Michaelis , Andrew Cottam , Daniella Schweizer , Eben N. Broadbent , David Dao , Ce Zhang , Angelica Almeyda Zambrano , Simeon Max

3D object detection based on LiDAR point clouds is a crucial module in autonomous driving particularly for long range sensing. Most of the research is focused on achieving higher accuracy and these models are not optimized for deployment on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Sambit Mohapatra , Senthil Yogamani , Heinrich Gotzig , Stefan Milz , Patrick Mader

Biomedical image segmentation is crucial for accurately diagnosing and analyzing various diseases. However, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers, the most commonly used architectures for this task, struggle to effectively…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-09 Rong Zhou , Zhengqing Yuan , Zhiling Yan , Weixiang Sun , Kai Zhang , Yiwei Li , Yanfang Ye , Xiang Li , Lifang He , Lichao Sun

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Early diagnosis of pulmonary nodules in Computed Tomography (CT) chest scans provides an opportunity for designing effective treatment and making financial and care plans.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Raunak Dey , Zhongjie Lu , Yi Hong

Arclength continuation and branch switching are enormously successful algorithms for the computation of bifurcation diagrams. Nevertheless, their combination suffers from three significant disadvantages. The first is that they attempt to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-03-03 Patrick E. Farrell , Casper H. L. Beentjes , Ásgeir Birkisson