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Large Language Model (LLM) personalization holds great promise for tailoring responses by leveraging personal context and history. However, real-world users usually possess sparse interaction histories with limited personal context, such as…

Personalized generation with frozen large language models requires a conditioning signal that is both compact and current. Existing personalization methods typically retrieve or summarize user histories in text, or compress them into static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jinze Li , Xiaoyan Yang , Shuo Yang , Jinfeng Xu , Yue Shen , Jian Wang , Jinjie Gu , Edith Cheuk-Han Ngai

In conversational AI, personalizing dialogues with persona profiles and contextual understanding is essential. Despite large language models' (LLMs) improved response coherence, effective persona integration remains a challenge. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Qiushi Huang , Xubo Liu , Tom Ko , Bo Wu , Wenwu Wang , Yu Zhang , Lilian Tang

The future of conversational agents will provide users with personalized information responses. However, a significant challenge in developing models is the lack of large-scale dialogue datasets that span multiple sessions and reflect…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Hideaki Joko , Shubham Chatterjee , Andrew Ramsay , Arjen P. de Vries , Jeff Dalton , Faegheh Hasibi

Personalization is a critical task in modern intelligent systems, with applications spanning diverse domains, including interactions with large language models (LLMs). Recent advances in reasoning capabilities have significantly enhanced…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Sichun Luo , Guanzhi Deng , Jian Xu , Xiaojie Zhang , Hanxu Hou , Linqi Song

Large language models (LLMs) augmented with retrieval exhibit robust performance and extensive versatility by incorporating external contexts. However, the input length grows linearly in the number of retrieved documents, causing a dramatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yun Zhu , Jia-Chen Gu , Caitlin Sikora , Ho Ko , Yinxiao Liu , Chu-Cheng Lin , Lei Shu , Liangchen Luo , Lei Meng , Bang Liu , Jindong Chen

Current large-language models (LLMs) typically adopt a fixed reasoning strategy, either simple or complex, for all questions, regardless of their difficulty. This neglect of variation in task and reasoning process complexity leads to an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yi Wang , Junxiao Liu , Shimao Zhang , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Aligning large language models (LLMs) typically aim to reflect general human values and behaviors, but they often fail to capture the unique characteristics and preferences of individual users. To address this gap, we introduce the concept…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Minjun Zhu , Yixuan Weng , Linyi Yang , Yue Zhang

Social chatbots have become essential intelligent companions in daily scenarios ranging from emotional support to personal interaction. However, conventional chatbots with passive response mechanisms usually rely on users to initiate or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Zihan Niu , Zheyong Xie , Shaosheng Cao , Chonggang Lu , Zheyu Ye , Tong Xu , Zuozhu Liu , Yan Gao , Jia Chen , Zhe Xu , Yi Wu , Yao Hu

Personalized prompting offers large opportunities for deploying large language models (LLMs) to diverse users, yet existing prompt optimization methods primarily focus on task-level optimization while largely overlooking user-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Yuchen Ma , Yue Huang , Wenjie Wang , Xiaonan Luo , Xiangliang Zhang , Stefan Feuerriegel

While black-box large language models are widely deployed, they produce generic outputs that overlook individual user preferences. Current personalization methods are fundamentally limited to response-level personalization; they only match…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jieyong Kim , Tongyoung Kim , Soojin Yoon , Jaehyung Kim , Dongha Lee

A wide range of NLP tasks benefit from the fine-tuning of pretrained language models (PLMs). However, a number of redundant parameters which contribute less to the downstream task are observed in a directly fine-tuned model. We consider the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Yupeng Zhang , Hongzhi Zhang , Sirui Wang , Wei Wu , Zhoujun Li

Path recommendation (PR) aims to generate travel paths that are customized to a user's specific preferences and constraints. Conventional approaches often employ explicit optimization objectives or specialized machine learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Steeve Cuthbert Marcelyn , Yucen Gao , Yuzhe Zhang , Xiaofeng Gao

Personalized user understanding from large-scale digital traces remains a fundamental challenge. Traditional user profiling methods rely on discriminative models and manual feature engineering to predict discrete attributes, often producing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yunyi Xuan , Hao Yi , Fengling Mao , Daye Cai , Leikun Liang , Xingsheng He , Jiangnan Xie , Guoshuai Wang , Yushan Han , Wenwen Guo , Xiaoxiao Xu , Lin Qu

Large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to misalignment and jailbreaks, making external safeguards like moderation filters essential, yet existing filters often focus narrowly on safety, falling short of the broader alignment needs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Masoomali Fatehkia , Enes Altinisik , Mohamed Osman , Husrev Taha Sencar

LLM-powered conversational assistants are often deployed in a one-size-fits-all manner, which fails to accommodate individual user preferences. Recently, LLM personalization -- tailoring models to align with specific user preferences -- has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Thibaut Thonet , Germán Kruszewski , Jos Rozen , Pierre Erbacher , Marc Dymetman

Knowledge tracing (KT), wherein students' problem-solving histories are used to estimate their current levels of knowledge, has attracted significant interest from researchers. However, most existing KT models were developed with an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Heeseok Jung , Jaesang Yoo , Yohaan Yoon , Yeonju Jang

Large language models (LLMs) excel at handling human queries, but they can occasionally generate flawed or unexpected responses. Understanding their internal states is crucial for understanding their successes, diagnosing their failures,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Xuansheng Wu , Jiayi Yuan , Wenlin Yao , Xiaoming Zhai , Ninghao Liu

Recent research has increasingly focused on evaluating large language models' (LLMs) alignment with diverse human values and preferences, particularly for open-ended tasks like story generation. Traditional evaluation metrics rely heavily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Danqing Wang , Kevin Yang , Hanlin Zhu , Xiaomeng Yang , Andrew Cohen , Lei Li , Yuandong Tian

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in solving recommendation tasks. With proven capabilities in understanding user preferences, LLM personalization has emerged as a critical area for providing tailored…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jiarui Chen
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