English
Related papers

Related papers: Independent-Component-Based Encoding Models of Bra…

200 papers

A central problem in unsupervised deep learning is how to find useful representations of high-dimensional data, sometimes called "disentanglement". Most approaches are heuristic and lack a proper theoretical foundation. In linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Aapo Hyvarinen , Ilyes Khemakhem , Hiroshi Morioka

Respiratory diseases remain major global health challenges, and traditional auscultation is often limited by subjectivity, environmental noise, and inter-clinician variability. This study presents an explainable multimodal deep learning…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-02 S M Asiful Islam Saky , Md Rashidul Islam , Md Saiful Arefin , Shahaba Alam

We argue that in-context learning (ICL) predictably arises from standard self-supervised next-token pretraining, rather than being an exotic emergent property. This work establishes the foundational principles of this emergence by focusing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Paul M. Riechers , Henry R. Bigelow , Eric A. Alt , Adam Shai

Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) offer numerous human-centered application possibilities, particularly affecting people with neurological disorders. Text or speech decoding from brain activities is a relevant domain that could augment the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-10 Jihwan Lee , Tiantian Feng , Aditya Kommineni , Sudarsana Reddy Kadiri , Shrikanth Narayanan

Word embeddings represent words as multidimensional real vectors, facilitating data analysis and processing, but are often challenging to interpret. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) creates clearer semantic axes by identifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Rongzhi Li , Takeru Matsuda , Hitomi Yanaka

Neurons in the nervous system are submitted to distinct sources of noise, such as ionic-channel and synaptic noise, which introduces variability in their responses to repeated presentations of identical stimuli. This motivates the use of…

Functional Magnetic Resonance Images acquired during resting-state provide information about the functional organization of the brain through measuring correlations between brain areas. Independent components analysis is the reference…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2014-12-15 Alexandre Abraham , Elvis Dohmatob , Bertrand Thirion , Dimitris Samaras , Gael Varoquaux

Many properties of perceptual decision making are well-modeled by deep neural networks. However, such architectures typically treat decisions as instantaneous readouts, overlooking the temporal dynamics of the decision process. We present…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-25 Hayden R. Johnson , Anastasia N. Krouglova , Hadi Vafaii , Jacob L. Yates , Pedro J. Gonçalves

Query-separated computation forces a representation to play an operational role: data are encoded before a query is known, and a later decoder can answer only through the intermediate interface. In this regime the representation functions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Jeongho Bang , Marcin Pawłowski

Despite participants engaging in unimodal stimuli, such as watching images or silent videos, recent work has demonstrated that multi-modal Transformer models can predict visual brain activity impressively well, even with incongruent…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-27 Subba Reddy Oota , Khushbu Pahwa , Mounika Marreddy , Maneesh Singh , Manish Gupta , Bapi S. Raju

Previous studies have shown that it is possible to map brain activation data of subjects viewing images onto the feature representation space of not only vision models (modality-specific decoding) but also language models (cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Mitja Nikolaus , Milad Mozafari , Nicholas Asher , Leila Reddy , Rufin VanRullen

Understanding brain function, constructing computational models and engineering neural prosthetics require assessing two problems, namely encoding and decoding, but their relation remains controversial. For decades, the encoding problem has…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-01-16 Hugo Gabriel Eyherabide

The Ising Model has recently received much attention for the statistical description of neural spike train data. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate its use for building decoders capable of predicting, on a millisecond timescale, the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2011-05-24 Michael T. Schaub , Simon R. Schultz

Invasive brain-computer interfaces with Electrocorticography (ECoG) have shown promise for high-performance speech decoding in medical applications, but less damaging methods like intracranial stereo-electroencephalography (sEEG) remain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-04 Hui Zheng , Hai-Teng Wang , Wei-Bang Jiang , Zhong-Tao Chen , Li He , Pei-Yang Lin , Peng-Hu Wei , Guo-Guang Zhao , Yun-Zhe Liu

Understanding how the human brain progresses from processing simple linguistic inputs to performing high-level reasoning is a fundamental challenge in neuroscience. While modern large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Linyang He , Tianjun Zhong , Richard Antonello , Gavin Mischler , Micah Goldblum , Nima Mesgarani

Despite the widely reported success of embedding-based machine learning methods on natural language processing tasks, the use of more easily interpreted engineered features remains common in fields such as cognitive impairment (CI)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Benjamin Eyre , Aparna Balagopalan , Jekaterina Novikova

For energy-efficient computation in specialized neuromorphic hardware, we present spiking neural coding, an instantiation of a family of artificial neural models grounded in the theory of predictive coding. This model, the first of its…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Alexander Ororbia

Encoding models that predict brain response patterns to stimuli are one way to capture this relationship between variability in bottom-up neural systems and individual's behavior or pathological state. However, they generally need a large…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-17 Zijin Gu , Keith Jamison , Mert Sabuncu , Amy Kuceyeski

Independent component analysis (ICA) of multi-subject functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data has proven useful in providing a fully multivariate summary that can be used for multiple purposes. ICA can identify patterns that can…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-15 Fateme Ghayem , Hanlu Yang , Furkan Kantar , Seung-Jun Kim , Vince D. Calhoun , Tulay Adali

Learning with the \textit{instance-dependent} label noise is challenging, because it is hard to model such real-world noise. Note that there are psychological and physiological evidences showing that we humans perceive instances by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Xiaobo Xia , Tongliang Liu , Bo Han , Nannan Wang , Mingming Gong , Haifeng Liu , Gang Niu , Dacheng Tao , Masashi Sugiyama