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With the fast development of large language models (LLMs), LLM-driven Web Agents (Web Agents for short) have obtained tons of attention due to their superior capability where LLMs serve as the core part of making decisions like the human…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Fangzhou Wu , Shutong Wu , Yulong Cao , Chaowei Xiao

Individual Differential Privacy (iDP) promises users control over their privacy, but this promise can be broken in practice. We reveal a previously overlooked vulnerability in sampling-based iDP mechanisms: while conforming to the iDP…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Johannes Kaiser , Alexander Ziller , Eleni Triantafillou , Daniel Rückert , Georgios Kaissis

AI agents have become increasingly adept at complex tasks such as coding, reasoning, and multimodal understanding. However, building generalist systems requires moving beyond individual agents to collective inference -- a paradigm where…

Large language model (LLM) agents face a structural tension: cloud agents provide strong reasoning but expose user data, while on-device agents preserve privacy at the cost of overall capability. Existing device-cloud designs treat this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Liangqi Yuan , Wenzhi Fang , Shiqiang Wang , Christopher G. Brinton

We present the design and validation of Stoppable Secondary Use (StopSec), a privacy-preserving protocol with the capability to identify a secondary user (SU) causing interference to a primary user (PU) and to act quickly to stop the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-21 Meles Weldegebriel , Zihan Li , Dustin Maas , Greg Hellbourg , Ning Zhang , Neal Patwari

This work introduces security for unsourced random access (URA) by employing physical layer security techniques. To achieve confidentiality, the proposed system opportunistically exploits intrinsic features of feedback-aided URA without…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Mohammad Javad Ahmadi , Rafael F. Schaefer , H. Vincent Poor

The increasing demand for software development has driven interest in automating software engineering (SE) tasks using Large Language Models (LLMs). Recent efforts extend LLMs into multi-agent systems (MAS) that emulate collaborative…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Zhenyu Mao , Jacky Keung , Fengji Zhang , Shuo Liu , Yifei Wang , Jialong Li

The A2AS framework is introduced as a security layer for AI agents and LLM-powered applications, similar to how HTTPS secures HTTP. A2AS enforces certified behavior, activates model self-defense, and ensures context window integrity. It…

In recent years, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has become widely used in current internet protocols. It is a text-based protocol much like Hyper Text Transport Protocol (HTTP) and Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP). SIP is a strong…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2012-05-03 Hassan Keshavarz , Mohammad Reza Jabbarpour Sattari , Rafidah Md Noor

Data privacy is critical in instilling trust and empowering the societal pacts of modern technology-driven democracies. Unfortunately, it is under continuous attack by overreaching or outright oppressive governments, including some of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Chen Chen , Xiao Liang , Bogdan Carbunar , Radu Sion

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have achieved rapid adoption and demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of applications. To improve reasoning and task execution, modern LLM agents would incorporate memory modules or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xingyu Lyu , Jianfeng He , Ning Wang , Yidan Hu , Tao Li , Danjue Chen , Shixiong Li , Yimin Chen

Modern applications often operate on data in multiple administrative domains. In this federated setting, participants may not fully trust each other. These distributed applications use transactions as a core mechanism for ensuring…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-08-23 Isaac Sheff , Tom Magrino , Jed Liu , Andrew C. Myers , Robbert van Renesse

Production LLM agents combine stochastic model outputs with deterministic software systems, yet the boundary between the two is rarely treated as a first-class architectural object. This paper names that boundary the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Vasundra Srinivasan

Traditional AI reasoning techniques have been used successfully in many domains, including logistics, scheduling and game playing. This paper is part of a project aimed at investigating how such techniques can be extended to coordinate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-05-22 Marcello Balduccini , William C. Regli , Duc N. Nguyen

Network library APIs have historically been developed with the emphasis on data movement, placement, and communication semantics. Many communication semantics are available across a large variety of network libraries, such as send-receive,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Luis E. Peña , Wenbin Lu , Pavel Shamis , Steve Poole

As multi-agent systems evolve to encompass increasingly diverse and specialized agents, the challenge of enabling effective collaboration between heterogeneous agents has become paramount, with traditional agent communication protocols…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Ken Huang , Akram Sheriff , Vineeth Sai Narajala , Idan Habler

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong performance on self-contained programming tasks. However, they still struggle with repository-level software engineering (SWE), which demands (1) deep codebase navigation with effective context…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kang He , Kaushik Roy

Recent trend towards cloud computing paradigm, smart devices and 4G wireless technologies has enabled seamless data sharing among users. Cloud computing environment is distributed and untrusted, hence data owners have to encrypt their data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-02-04 Yogachandran Rahulamathavan

Enterprise AI backends increasingly admit heterogeneous execution requests across model deployment, inference, evaluation, data movement, and agentic workflows. In many systems, those requests arrive in service-specific shapes, which makes…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Krti Tallam

Recent advancements in dialogue policy planning have emphasized optimizing system agent policies to achieve predefined goals, focusing on strategy design, trajectory acquisition, and efficient training paradigms. However, these approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Tao He , Lizi Liao , Ming Liu , Bing Qin