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Related papers: Seismic background mitigation with the Lunar Gravi…

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Motivated by the old idea of using the moon as a resonant gravitational-wave (GW) detector, as well as the recent updates in modeling the lunar response to GWs, we re-evaluate the feasibility of using a network of lunar seismometers to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-23 Han Yan , Xian Chen , Jinhai Zhang , Fan Zhang , Lijing Shao , Mengyao Wang

The Lunar Gravitational-wave Antenna (LGWA) is a proposed array of next-generation inertial sensors to monitor the response of the Moon to gravitational waves (GWs). Given the size of the Moon and the expected noise produced by the lunar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-07 Parameswaran Ajith , Pau Amaro Seoane , Manuel Arca Sedda , Riccardo Arcodia , Francesca Badaracco , Biswajit Banerjee , Enis Belgacem , Giovanni Benetti , Stefano Benetti , Alexey Bobrick , Alessandro Bonforte , Elisa Bortolas , Valentina Braito , Marica Branchesi , Adam Burrows , Enrico Cappellaro , Roberto Della Ceca , Chandrachur Chakraborty , Shreevathsa Chalathadka Subrahmanya , Michael W. Coughlin , Stefano Covino , Andrea Derdzinski , Aayushi Doshi , Maurizio Falanga , Stefano Foffa , Alessia Franchini , Alessandro Frigeri , Yoshifumi Futaana , Oliver Gerberding , Kiranjyot Gill , Matteo Di Giovanni , Ines Francesca Giudice , Margherita Giustini , Philipp Gläser , Jan Harms , Joris van Heijningen , Francesco Iacovelli , Bradley J. Kavanagh , Taichi Kawamura , Arun Kenath , Elisabeth-Adelheid Keppler , Chiaki Kobayashi , Goro Komatsu , Valeriya Korol , N. V. Krishnendu , Prayush Kumar , Francesco Longo , Michele Maggiore , Michele Mancarella , Andrea Maselli , Alessandra Mastrobuono-Battisti , Francesco Mazzarini , Andrea Melandri , Daniele Melini , Sabrina Menina , Giovanni Miniutti , Deeshani Mitra , Javier Morán-Fraile , Suvodip Mukherjee , Niccolò Muttoni , Marco Olivieri , Francesca Onori , Maria Alessandra Papa , Ferdinando Patat , Andrea Perali , Tsvi Piran , Silvia Piranomonte , Alberto Roper Pol , Masroor C. Pookkillath , R. Prasad , Vaishak Prasad , Alessandra De Rosa , Sourav Roy Chowdhury , Roberto Serafinelli , Alberto Sesana , Paola Severgnini , Angela Stallone , Jacopo Tissino , Hrvoje Tkalčić , Lina Tomasella , Martina Toscani , David Vartanyan , Cristian Vignali , Lucia Zaccarelli , Morgane Zeoli , Luciano Zuccarello

New concepts were recently proposed for gravitational-wave (GW) detectors on the Moon. These include laser-interferometric detectors, proposed as free-range or optical-fiber interferometers, and inertial acceleration sensors. Some of them…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-08-29 Jan Harms

The response of the Moon to gravitational waves (GWs) is used by some of the proposed lunar GW detectors like the Lunar Gravitational-wave Antenna (LGWA) to turn the Moon into an antenna for GWs. The deep connection between the lunar…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-11 Xiaoming Bi , Jan Harms

The Earth's Moon presents a uniquely advantageous environment for detecting astrophysical gravitational waves (GWs) in the frequency range of millihertz to decihertz. Unlike Terrestrial GW detectors, the quiet seismic environment of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-27 Teviet Creighton , Philippe Lognonné , Mark P. Panning , James Trippe , Volker Quetschke , Karan Jani

The recent increasing interest in detecting gravitational waves (GWs) by lunar seismic measurement urges us to have a clear understanding of the response of the moon to passing GWs. In this paper, we clarify the relationship between two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-09 Han Yan , Xian Chen , Jinhai Zhang , Fan Zhang , Mengyao Wang , Lijing Shao

The recent success of gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy together with renewed plans for lunar geophysical instrumentation has revived interest in using the Moon as a resonant detector for mid-frequency (mHz-Hz) GWs. In realistic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-19 Han Yan , Jan Harms

In this paper, we describe an analysis of Apollo era lunar seismic data that places an upper limit on an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background integrated over a year in the frequency range 0.1\,Hz -- 1\,Hz. We find that because…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Michael Coughlin , Jan Harms

The toolbox to study the Universe grew on 14 September 2015 when the LIGO-Virgo collaboration heard a signal from two colliding black holes between 30-250 Hz. Since then, many more gravitational waves have been detected as detectors…

Gravitational waves (GWs) in the $0.01\sim1$ Hz band encode unique signatures of the early universe and merging compact objects, but they are beyond the reach of existing observatories. Theoretical models suggest that the Moon could act as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-22 Lei Zhang , Han Yan , Xian Chen , Jinhai Zhang

We study the prospects of the Lunar Gravitational-Wave Antenna (LGWA), a proposed deci-Hz GW detector, to observe binary black holes (BBHs) and enable multiband science with ground-based detectors. We assess the detectability of the events…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-07 Francesco Iacovelli , Jacopo Tissino , Jan Harms , Emanuele Berti

The problem of the detection and mapping of a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB), either of cosmological or astrophysical origin, bears a strong semblance to the analysis of CMB anisotropy and polarization. The basic statistic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-12-18 Sanjit Mitra , Sanjeev Dhurandhar , Tarun Souradeep , Albert Lazzarini , Vuk Mandic , Sukanta Bose , Stefan Ballmer

The Moon has been long regarded as a natural resonator of gravitational waves (GWs) since 1960, showing great potential to fill the frequency gap left behind GW detections by ground- or space-based laser interferometry. However, the spatial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-03 Lei Zhang , Jinhai Zhang , Han Yan , Xian Chen

The Lunar Gravitational Wave Antenna (LGWA) is a proposed gravitational-wave detector that will observe in the decihertz (dHz) frequency region. In this band, binary white dwarf systems are expected to merge, emitting gravitational waves.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-22 Giovanni Benetti , Marica Branchesi , Jan Harms , Jean-Pierre Zendri

New concepts for observing the gravitational waves (GWs) using a detector on the Moon, such as the Lunar Gravitational-wave Antenna (LGWA), have gained increasing attention. By utilizing the Moon as a giant antenna, the LGWA is expected to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-08-07 Hanlin Song , Han Yan , Yacheng Kang , Xian Chen , Junjie Zhao , Lijing Shao

In the light of the recent advances in lunar space missions a great interest into using Moon as a future environment for gravitational waves (GWs) detectors has been initiated. Moon offers a unique environment for such detectors due to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-12 Josipa Majstorović , Léon Vidal , Philippe Lognonné

Weak-signal limit is often used in estimating stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) intensities. This approximation fails and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be much weaker when background signals are loud compared to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-22 Zheng-Cheng Liang , Zhi-Yuan Li , En-Kun Li , Jian-dong Zhang , Yi-Ming Hu

Lunar-based gravitational-wave interferometry is a fascinating endeavor, and was proposed as a promising approach to bridge the observational gap between space-borne and ground-based detectors. In this work, we adopt the Fisher-matrix…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-12 Xiaolin Zhang , Chengye Yu , Haoran Li , Sobhan Kazempour , Mingqiu Li , Sichun Sun

With the goal of attempting to observe a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) with LISA, the spectral separability of the cosmological and astrophysical backgrounds is important to estimate. We attempt to determine the level with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-08 Guillaume Boileau , Nelson Christensen , Renate Meyer , Neil J. Cornish
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