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We extend Brill's positive mass theorem to a large class of asymptotically flat, maximal, $U(1)^2$-invariant initial data sets on simply connected four dimensional manifolds $\Sigma$. Moreover, we extend the local mass angular momenta…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-04-20 Aghil Alaee , Hari K. Kunduri

We study the quasi-local masses arising in general relativity using spinors and prove their positivity property. This leads to the question of a pure quasi-local proof of the positivity of the Wang-Yau \cite{yau} quasi-local mass. More…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-09-20 Puskar Mondal , Shing-Tung-Yau

We extend the positive mass theorem proved previously by the author to the Lorentzian setting. This includes the original higher dimensional positive energy theorem whose spinor proof was given by Witten in dimension four and by Xiao Zhang…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Xianzhe Dai

With the aid of a simple family of examples, we show that the quasi-local mass defined by Kijowski and Liu and Yau, and shown by Liu and Yau to be positive, may be strictly positive for space-like, topologically spherical 2-surfaces in flat…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 N. O'Murchadha , L. B. Szabados , K. P. Tod

A positive mass theorem for General Relativity Theory is proved. The proof is 4-dimensional in nature, and relies completely on arguments pertaining to causal structure, the basic idea being that positive energy-density focuses null…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 R. Penrose , R. D. Sorkin , E. Woolgar

We define the total energy-momenta for (4+1)-dimensional asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes, and prove the positive energy theorem for such spacetimes.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2017-08-02 Yaohua Wang , Xu Xu

In Special Relativity, massless objects are characterized as either vacuum states or as radiation propagating at the speed of light. This distinction extends to General Relativity for asymptotically flat initial data sets (IDS) \((M^n, g,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Sven Hirsch , Hyun Chul Jang , Yiyue Zhang

Many classical results in relativity theory concerning spherically symmetric space-times have easy generalizations to warped product space-times, with a two-dimensional Lorentzian base and arbitrary dimensional Riemannian fibers. We first…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-12-20 Xinliang An , Willie Wai Yeung Wong

In this paper, we introduce a new family of mass-type invariants for time-symmetric initial data in space-times satisfying the Dominant Energy Condition. For positive cosmological constant, these invariants, unlike the total Hawking mass,…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Virginia Agostiniani , Stefano Borghini , Lorenzo Mazzieri

We give estimates on asymptotic dimensions of products of general hyperbolic spaces with following applications to the hyperbolic groups. We give examples of strict inequality in the product theorem for the asymptotic dimension in the class…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Nina Lebedeva

We use the formulation of asymptotically anti-de Sitter boundary conditions given by Ashtekar and Magnon to obtain a coordinate expression for the general asymptotically AdeS metric in a neighbourhood of infinity. From this, we are able to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 E. Woolgar

We prove a new positive mass theorem for three-dimensional manifolds which are asymptotically hyperboloidal of order greater than $1$. The mass quantity under consideration is the volume-renormalized mass recently introduced in a paper by…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Klaus Kroencke , Francesca Oronzio , Alan Pinoy

In the pioneering work of Stern, level sets of harmonic functions have been shown to be an effective tool in the study of scalar curvature in dimension 3. Generalizations of this idea, utilizing level sets of so called spacetime harmonic…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2021-02-24 Hubert Bray , Sven Hirsch , Demetre Kazaras , Marcus Khuri , Yiyue Zhang

In this paper, we prove the Riemannian positive mass theorem up to dimension $19$, building on a combination of torical symmetrization and the singularity blow-up technique developed in [HSY26], together with the generic regularity theory…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Yuchen Bi , Tianze Hao , Shihang He , Yuguang Shi , Jintian Zhu

We construct asymptotically flat, scalar flat extensions of Bartnik data $(\Sigma, \gamma, H)$, where $\gamma$ is a metric of positive Gauss curvature on a two-sphere $\Sigma$, and $H$ is a function that is either positive or identically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-12 Pengzi Miao , Naqing Xie

We establish the inequality for Henneaux-Teitelboim's total energy-momentum for asymptotically anti-de Sitter initial data sets which are asymptotic to arbitrary $t$-slice in anti-de Sitter spacetime. In particular, when $t=0$, it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-02-18 Yaohua Wang , Naqing Xie , Xiao Zhang

We prove that the positive mass theorem applies to Lipschitz metrics as long as the singular set is low-dimensional, with no other conditions on the singular set. More precisely, let $g$ be an asymptotically flat Lipschitz metric on a…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2011-11-01 Dan A. Lee

We find two conditions related to the {\it news functions} of the Bondi's radiating vacuum spacetimes. We provide a complete proof of the positivity of the Bondi mass by using Schoen-Yau's method under one condition and by using Witten's…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2009-12-12 Wen-ling Huang , Shing Tung Yau , Xiao Zhang

We give a definition of mass for conformally compactifiable initial data sets. The asymptotic conditions are compatible with existence of gravitational radiation, and the compactifications are allowed to be polyhomogeneous. We show that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 P. T. Chrusciel , J. Jezierski , S. Leski

We prove a global in time existence theorem for the initial value problem for the Einstein-Boltzmann system, with positive cosmological constant and arbitrarily large initial data, in the spatially homogeneous case, in a Robertson-Walker…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Etienne Takou , Norbert Noutchegueme
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