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In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have become fundamental to a broad spectrum of artificial intelligence applications. As the use of LLMs expands, precisely estimating the uncertainty in their predictions has become crucial.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Mohammad Beigi , Sijia Wang , Ying Shen , Zihao Lin , Adithya Kulkarni , Jianfeng He , Feng Chen , Ming Jin , Jin-Hee Cho , Dawei Zhou , Chang-Tien Lu , Lifu Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly powerful and ubiquitous, but their stochastic nature poses challenges to the reliability of their outputs. While deterministic settings can improve consistency, they do not guarantee…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Kayla Schroeder , Zach Wood-Doughty

Large Language Model (LLM) evaluation is currently one of the most important areas of research, with existing benchmarks proving to be insufficient and not completely representative of LLMs' various capabilities. We present a curated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Aisha Khatun , Daniel G. Brown

Automated unit test generation is critical for software quality but traditional structure-driven methods often lack the semantic understanding required to produce realistic inputs and oracles. Large language models (LLMs) address this…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Bei Chu , Yang Feng , Kui Liu , Zhaoqiang Guo , Yichi Zhang , Hange Shi , Zifan Nan , Baowen Xu

Recent large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities in modeling real-world knowledge and enhancing knowledge-based generation tasks. In this paper, we further explore the potential of using LLMs to aid in the design…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Weicheng Ma , Luyang Zhao , Chun-Yi She , Yitao Jiang , Alan Sun , Bo Zhu , Devin Balkcom , Soroush Vosoughi

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have rapidly penetrated into people's work and daily lives over the past few years, due to their extraordinary conversational skills and intelligence. ChatGPT has become the fastest-growing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Wenxuan Wang

Software testing and verification are critical for ensuring the reliability and security of modern software systems. Traditionally, formal verification techniques, such as model checking and theorem proving, have provided rigorous…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Norbert Tihanyi , Tamas Bisztray , Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Bilel Cherif , Richard A. Dubniczky , Ridhi Jain , Lucas C. Cordeiro

Tool learning methods have enhanced the ability of large language models (LLMs) to interact with real-world applications. Many existing works fine-tune LLMs or design prompts to enable LLMs to select appropriate tools and correctly invoke…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Chengrui Huang , Zhengliang Shi , Yuntao Wen , Xiuying Chen , Peng Han , Shen Gao , Shuo Shang

Recent advances in Generative Artificial Intelligence, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), have stimulated growing interest in automating or assisting Business Process Modeling tasks using natural language. Several approaches have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 João Bettencourt , Sérgio Guerreiro

Nowadays, we are witnessing a wide adoption of Machine learning (ML) models in many safety-critical systems, thanks to recent breakthroughs in deep learning and reinforcement learning. Many people are now interacting with systems based on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Houssem Ben Braiek , Foutse Khomh

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI), specifically large language models (LLMs), are increasingly used in software engineering, mainly for coding tasks. However, requirements engineering - particularly requirements validation - has seen…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Adam Trendowicz , Daniel Seifert , Andreas Jedlitschka , Marcus Ciolkowski , Anton Strahilov

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering has driven a transition from traditional rule-based systems to autonomous agentic systems capable of solving complex problems. However, systematic progress is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jiale Guo , Suizhi Huang , Mei Li , Dong Huang , Xingsheng Chen , Regina Zhang , Zhijiang Guo , Han Yu , Siu-Ming Yiu , Pietro Lio , Kwok-Yan Lam

Automated analysis for engineering structures offers considerable potential for boosting efficiency by minimizing repetitive tasks. Although AI-driven methods are increasingly common, no systematic framework yet leverages Large Language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Haoran Liang , Mohammad Talebi Kalaleh , Qipei Mei

LLM applications are AI systems whose nondeterministic outputs and evolving model behavior make traditional testing insufficient for release governance. We present an automated self-testing framework that introduces quality gates with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Alexandre Cristovão Maiorano

As artificial intelligence advances, large language models (LLMs) are entering qualitative research workflows, yet no reproducible methods exist for integrating them into established approaches like thematic analysis (TA), one of the most…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Cristina Martinez Montes , Robert Feldt , Cristina Miguel Martos , Sofia Ouhbi , Shweta Premanandan , Daniel Graziotin

With the rising human-like precision of Large Language Models (LLMs) in numerous tasks, their utilization in a variety of real-world applications is becoming more prevalent. Several studies have shown that LLMs excel on many standard NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Rishav Hada , Varun Gumma , Mohamed Ahmed , Kalika Bali , Sunayana Sitaram

Large language models (LLMs) have been touted to enable increased productivity in many areas of today's work life. Scientific research as an area of work is no exception: the potential of LLM-based tools to assist in the daily work of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Mohamed Nejjar , Luca Zacharias , Fabian Stiehle , Ingo Weber

This paper surveys evaluation techniques to enhance the trustworthiness and understanding of Large Language Models (LLMs). As reliance on LLMs grows, ensuring their reliability, fairness, and transparency is crucial. We explore algorithmic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Nik Bear Brown

Existing benchmarks for evaluating mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) rely primarily on competition problems, formal proofs, or artificially challenging questions -- failing to capture the nature of mathematics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Cezara Petrui , Kristina Nikolić , Florian Tramèr

The increasing adoption and commercialization of generalized Large Language Models (LLMs) have profoundly impacted various aspects of our daily lives. Initially embraced by the computer science community, the versatility of LLMs has found…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Sajed Jalil