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Modern engineered systems increasingly involve complex sociotechnical environments where multiple agents, including humans and the emerging paradigm of agentic AI powered by large language models, must navigate social dilemmas that pit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Qiliang Chen , Sepehr Ilami , Nunzio Lore , Babak Heydari

Allostasis proposes that long-term viability of a living system is achieved through anticipatory adjustments of its physiology and behaviour: emphasising physiological and affective stress as an adaptive state of adaptation that minimizes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Imran Khan , Robert Lowe

Artificial Intelligence frameworks should allow for ever more autonomous and general systems in contrast to very narrow and restricted (human pre-defined) domain systems, in analogy to how the brain works. Self-constructive Artificial…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Fernando J. Corbacho

Active inference is a mathematical framework which originated in computational neuroscience as a theory of how the brain implements action, perception and learning. Recently, it has been shown to be a promising approach to the problems of…

Collective Adaptive Intelligence (CAI) represent a transformative approach in embodied AI, wherein numerous autonomous agents collaborate, adapt, and self-organize to navigate complex, dynamic environments. By enabling systems to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Fan Wang , Shaoshan Liu

Frontier AI systems require governance mechanisms that can verify internal alignment, not just behavioral compliance. Private governance mechanisms audits, certification, insurance, and procurement are emerging to complement public…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Aadit Sengupta , Pratinav Seth , Vinay Kumar Sankarapu

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has shifted from static, data-driven models to dynamic systems capable of perceiving and interacting with real-world environments. Despite advancements in pattern recognition and symbolic…

We introduce Teleodynamic Learning, a new paradigm for machine learning in which learning is not the minimization of a fixed objective, but the emergence and stabilization of functional organization under constraint. Inspired by living…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Enrique ter Horst , Juan Diego Zambrano

Real-world artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly required to operate autonomously in dynamic, uncertain, and continuously changing environments. However, most existing AI models rely on predefined objectives, static training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hong Su

For living beings, survival depends on effective regulation of internal physiological states through motivated behaviors. In this perspective we propose that Homeostatically Regulated Reinforcement Learning (HRRL) as a framework to describe…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-08 Naoto Yoshida , Henning Sprekeler , Boris Gutkin

This paper proposes a minimal architecture for body-grounded perspective formation in artificial agents. Extending prior work, the model introduces an interoceptive viability signal, a Fisher-style metric over fused…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hongju Pae

Inner Interpretability is a promising emerging field tasked with uncovering the inner mechanisms of AI systems, though how to develop these mechanistic theories is still much debated. Moreover, recent critiques raise issues that question…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Martina G. Vilas , Federico Adolfi , David Poeppel , Gemma Roig

As LLM-based systems increasingly operate as agents embedded within human social and technical systems, alignment can no longer be treated as a property of an isolated model, but must be understood in relation to the environments in which…

Time perception - how humans and animals perceive the passage of time - forms the basis for important cognitive skills such as decision-making, planning, and communication. In this work, we propose a framework for examining the mechanisms…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-08 Inês Lourenço , Robert Mattila , Rodrigo Ventura , Bo Wahlberg

Human brain has been used as an inspiration for building autonomous agents, but it is not obvious what level of computational description of the brain one should use. This has led to overly opinionated symbolic approaches and overly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Amol Kelkar

Orchestrated multi-agent systems represent the next stage in the evolution of artificial intelligence, where autonomous agents collaborate through structured coordination and communication to achieve complex, shared objectives. This paper…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Apoorva Adimulam , Rajesh Gupta , Sumit Kumar

The ruling method in modern Artificial Intelligence spanning from Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to Large Language Models (LLMs) relies on a surge of static, externally defined reward functions. While this "extrinsic maximization"…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Dhruv Tiwari

Artificial agents capable of understanding and aligning with others' intentions are essential for safe and socially robust artificial intelligence. We introduce a computational framework for empathy in active inference agents, grounded in…

AI agents -- systems that combine foundation models with reasoning, planning, memory, and tool use -- are rapidly becoming a practical interface between natural-language intent and real-world computation. This survey synthesizes the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Bin Xu

This paper introduces System 0, a conceptual framework for understanding how artificial intelligence functions as a cognitive extension preceding both intuitive (System 1) and deliberative (System 2) thinking processes. As AI systems…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Massimo Chiriatti , Marianna Bergamaschi Ganapini , Enrico Panai , Brenda K. Wiederhold , Giuseppe Riva