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Work on instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) has used automatic methods based on text overlap and LLM judgments as cost-effective alternatives to human evaluation. In this paper, we perform a meta-evaluation of such methods and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Ehsan Doostmohammadi , Oskar Holmström , Marco Kuhlmann

AI-assisted code review is widely used to detect vulnerabilities before production release. Prior work shows that adversarial prompt manipulation can degrade large language model (LLM) performance in code generation. We test whether similar…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Scott Thornton

Introduction: Large language models (LLMs) can process requests and generate texts, but their feasibility for assessing complex academic content needs further investigation. To explore LLM's potential in assisting scientific review, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yinuo Liu , Emre Sezgin , Eric A. Youngstrom

Large language model (LLM)-powered code review automation tools have been introduced to generate code review comments. However, not all generated comments will drive code changes. Understanding what types of generated review comments are…

Foundation models are increasingly used in scientific research, but evaluating AI-generated scientific work remains challenging. While expert reviews are costly, large language models (LLMs) as proxy reviewers have proven to be unreliable.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Niklas Höpner , Leon Eshuijs , Dimitrios Alivanistos , Giacomo Zamprogno , Ilaria Tiddi

Background: As improving code review (CR) effectiveness is a priority for many software development organizations, projects have deployed CR analytics platforms to identify potential improvement areas. The number of issues identified, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Asif Kamal Turzo , Fahim Faysal , Ovi Poddar , Jaydeb Sarker , Anindya Iqbal , Amiangshu Bosu

Automated text annotation is a compelling use case for generative large language models (LLMs) in social media research. Recent work suggests that LLMs can achieve strong performance on annotation tasks; however, these studies evaluate LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Nicholas Pangakis , Samuel Wolken

Several techniques have been proposed to automate code review. Early support consisted in recommending the most suited reviewer for a given change or in prioritizing the review tasks. With the advent of deep learning in software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Rosalia Tufano , Alberto Martin-Lopez , Ahmad Tayeb , Ozren Dabić , Sonia Haiduc , Gabriele Bavota

Manual code reviews are an essential but time-consuming part of software development, often leading reviewers to prioritize technical issues while skipping valuable assessments. This paper presents an algorithmic model that automates…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Yegor Denisov-Blanch , Igor Ciobanu , Simon Obstbaum , Michal Kosinski

Code review is a crucial practice in software development. As code review nowadays is lightweight, various issues can be identified, and sometimes, they can be trivial. Research has investigated automated approaches to classify review…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Linh Nguyen , Chunhua Liu , Hong Yi Lin , Patanamon Thongtanunam

Software comments are critical for human understanding of software, and as such many comment generation techniques have been proposed. However, we find that a systematic evaluation of the factual accuracy of generated comments is rare; only…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Sungmin Kang , Louis Milliken , Shin Yoo

The task of automated code review has recently gained a lot of attention from the machine learning community. However, current review comment evaluation metrics rely on comparisons with a human-written reference for a given code change…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Atharva Naik , Marcus Alenius , Daniel Fried , Carolyn Rose

Large Language Models (LLMs) evaluation is a patchy and inconsistent landscape, and it is becoming clear that the quality of automatic evaluation metrics is not keeping up with the pace of development of generative models. We aim to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Andrea Sottana , Bin Liang , Kai Zou , Zheng Yuan

Automation of code reviews using AI models has garnered substantial attention in the software engineering community as a strategy to reduce the cost and effort associated with traditional peer review processes. These models are typically…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Leonardo Centellas-Claros , Juan J. Alonso-Lecaros , Juan Pablo Sandoval Alcocer , Andres Neyem

AI-based code review tools automatically review and comment on pull requests to improve code quality. Despite their growing presence, little is known about their actual impact. We present a large-scale empirical study of 16 popular AI-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Kexin Sun , Hongyu Kuang , Sebastian Baltes , Xin Zhou , He Zhang , Xiaoxing Ma , Guoping Rong , Dong Shao , Christoph Treude

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in software engineering (SE) tools, powering applications such as code generation, automated code review, and bug triage. As these LLM-based AI for Software Engineering (AI4SE) systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Utku Boran Torun , Veli Karakaya , Ali Babar , Eray Tüzün

Generating accurate code review comments remains a significant challenge due to the inherently diverse and non-unique nature of the task output. Large language models pretrained on both programming and natural language data tend to perform…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Md. Asif Haider , Ayesha Binte Mostofa , Sk. Sabit Bin Mosaddek , Anindya Iqbal , Toufique Ahmed

Code review has evolved for decades, from informal peer checking to today's pull request (PR) workflows, yet it remains a largely manual, uneven, and cognitively demanding process. The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) coding assistants…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Hüseyin Özgür Kamalı , Erdem Tuna , Vahid Haratian , Eray Tüzün

Code comments are important artifacts in software systems and play a paramount role in many software engineering (SE) tasks related to maintenance and program comprehension. However, while it is widely accepted that high quality matters in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Pooja Rani , Arianna Blasi , Nataliia Stulova , Sebastiano Panichella , Alessandra Gorla , Oscar Nierstrasz

The complexity of code reviews has driven efforts to automate review comments, but prior approaches oversimplify this task by treating it as snippet-level code-to-text generation and relying on text similarity metrics like BLEU for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Junyi Lu , Lili Jiang , Xiaojia Li , Jianbing Fang , Fengjun Zhang , Li Yang , Chun Zuo