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While the Open Radio Access Network Alliance (O-RAN) architecture enables third-party applications to optimize radio access networks at multiple timescales, real-time distributed applications (dApps) that demand low latency, high…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-19 João Paulo Esper , Yure Freitas , Pedro Souza , Bruno Silvestre , Joao F. Santos , Alexandre Huff , Cristiano Both , Kleber Cardoso

The Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN)-which is being standardized, among others, by the O-RAN Alliance-is bringing a radical transformation to the cellular ecosystem through the notions of disaggregation and RAN Intelligent Controllers…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Salvatore D'Oro , Michele Polese , Leonardo Bonati , Hai Cheng , Tommaso Melodia

O-RAN is radically shifting how cellular networks are designed, deployed and optimized through network programmability, disaggregation, and virtualization. Specifically, RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) can orchestrate and optimize the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Andrea Lacava , Matteo Bordin , Michele Polese , Rajarajan Sivaraj , Tommaso Zugno , Francesca Cuomo , Tommaso Melodia

The proliferation of 5G technology presents an unprecedented challenge in managing the energy consumption of densely deployed network infrastructures, particularly Base Stations (BSs), which account for the majority of power usage in mobile…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-17 Xuanyu Liang , Ahmed Al-Tahmeesschi , Qiao Wang , Swarna Chetty , Chenrui Sun , Hamed Ahmadi

Network virtualization, software-defined infrastructure, and orchestration are pivotal elements in contemporary networks, yielding new vectors for optimization and novel capabilities. In line with these principles, O-RAN presents an avenue…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Stefano Maxenti , Salvatore D'Oro , Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Antonio Capone , Tommaso Melodia

5G and beyond mobile networks will support heterogeneous use cases at an unprecedented scale, thus demanding automated control and optimization of network functionalities customized to the needs of individual users. Such fine-grained…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Andrea Lacava , Michele Polese , Rajarajan Sivaraj , Rahul Soundrarajan , Bhawani Shanker Bhati , Tarunjeet Singh , Tommaso Zugno , Francesca Cuomo , Tommaso Melodia

Open RAN (O-RAN) exposes rich control and telemetry interfaces across the Non-RT RIC, Near-RT RIC, and distributed units, but also makes it harder to operate multi-tenant, multi-objective RANs in a safe and auditable manner. In parallel,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zhizhou He , Yang Luo , Xinkai Liu , Mahdi Boloursaz Mashhadi , Mohammad Shojafar , Merouane Debbah , Rahim Tafazolli

Softwarization, programmable network control and the use of all-encompassing controllers acting at different timescales are heralded as the key drivers for the evolution to next-generation cellular networks. These technologies have fostered…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-09-01 Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Salvatore D'Oro , Stefano Basagni , Tommaso Melodia

RAN Intelligent Controllers (RICs) are programmable platforms that enable data-driven closed-loop control in the O-RAN architecture. They collect telemetry and data from the RAN, process it in custom applications, and enforce control or new…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Angelo Feraudo , Stefano Maxenti , Andrea Lacava , Paolo Bellavista , Michele Polese , Tommaso Melodia

Open Radio Access Networks (RANs) leverage disaggregated and programmable RAN functions and open interfaces to enable closed-loop, data-driven radio resource management. This is performed through custom intelligent applications on the RAN…

Open Radio Access Network (RAN) architectures will enable interoperability, openness, and programmatic data-driven control in next generation cellular networks. However, developing scalable and efficient data-driven algorithms that can…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Salvatore D'Oro , Stefano Basagni , Tommaso Melodia

The Open Radio Access Network (RAN) and its embodiment through the O-RAN Alliance specifications are poised to revolutionize the telecom ecosystem. O-RAN promotes virtualized RANs where disaggregated components are connected via open…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Michele Polese , Leonardo Bonati , Salvatore D'Oro , Stefano Basagni , Tommaso Melodia

Cell-free multiple input multiple output (CF-MIMO) systems improve spectral and energy efficiencies using distributed access points (APs) to provide reliable service across an area equivalent to multiple conventional cells. This paper…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yi Chu , Mostafa Rahmani , Josh Shackleton , David Grace , Kanapathippillai Cumanan , Hamed Ahmadi , Alister Burr

Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN) promise flexible 6G network access through disaggregated, software-driven components and open interfaces, but this programmability also increases operational complexity. Multiple control loops coexist…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Hojjat Navidan , Mohammad Cheraghinia , Jaron Fontaine , Mohamed Seif , Eli De Poorter , H. Vincent Poor , Ingrid Moerman , Adnan Shahid

The growing demand for high-speed, ultra-reliable, and low-latency communications in 5G and beyond networks has significantly driven up power consumption, particularly within the Radio Access Network (RAN). This surge in energy demand poses…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Ahmed Al-Tahmeesschi , Yi Chu , Gurdeep Singh , Charles Turyagyenda , Dritan Kaleshi , David Grace , Hamed Ahmadi

Open Radio Access Network (RAN) architectures will enable interoperability, openness and programmable data-driven control in next generation cellular networks. However, developing and testing efficient solutions that generalize across…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Salvatore D'Oro , Stefano Basagni , Tommaso Melodia

Connection management is an important problem for any wireless network to ensure smooth and well-balanced operation throughout. Traditional methods for connection management (specifically user-cell association) consider sub-optimal and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Oner Orhan , Vasuki Narasimha Swamy , Thomas Tetzlaff , Marcel Nassar , Hosein Nikopour , Shilpa Talwar

Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) has introduced an emerging RAN architecture that enables openness, intelligence, and automated control. The RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) provides the platform to design and deploy RAN controllers. xApps…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Mohammadreza Kouchaki , Vuk Marojevic

The traditional black-box and monolithic approach to Radio Access Networks (RANs) has heavily limited flexibility and innovation. The Open RAN paradigm, and the architecture proposed by the O-RAN ALLIANCE, aim to address these limitations…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Nicolo Longhi , Salvatore D'Oro , Leonardo Bonati , Michele Polese , Roberto Verdone , Tommaso Melodia

Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) offers an open, programmable architecture for next-generation wireless networks, enabling advanced control through AI-based applications on the near-Real-Time RAN Intelligent Controller (near-RT RIC).…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Ryan Barker , Alireza Ebrahimi Dorcheh , Tolunay Seyfi , Fatemeh Afghah
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