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The physical world obeys the rules of quantum, as opposed to classical, physics. Since the playing of any particular game requires physical resources, the question arises as to how Game Theory itself would change if it were extended into…
Quantum algorithms are demonstrated to outperform classical algorithms for certain problems and thus are promising candidates for efficient information processing. Herein we aim to provide a brief and popular introduction to quantum…
Over the last twenty years of research on quantum game theory have given us many ideas of how quantum games could be played. One of the most prominent ideas in the field is a model of quantum playing a 2x2 game introduced by J. Eisert, M.…
Game theory is central to the understanding of competitive interactions arising in many fields, from the social and physical sciences to economics. Recently, as the definition of information is generalized to include entangled quantum…
The nature of quantum computation is discussed. It is argued that, in terms of the amount of information manipulated in a given time, quantum and classical computation are equally efficient. Quantum superposition does not permit quantum…
Quantization becomes a new way to study classical game theory since quantum strategies and quantum games have been proposed. In previous studies, many typical game models, such as prisoner's dilemma, battle of the sexes, Hawk-Dove game,…
As we begin to reach the limits of classical computing, quantum computing has emerged as a technology that has captured the imagination of the scientific world. While for many years, the ability to execute quantum algorithms was only a…
Combining quantum computers with classical compute power has become a standard means for developing algorithms that are eventually supposed to beat any purely classical alternatives. While in-principle advantages for solution quality or…
We pursue the possible connections between classical games and quantum computation. The Parrondo game is one in which a random combination of two losing games produces a winning game. We introduce novel realizations of this Parrondo effect…
Quantum machine learning has the potential to enable advances in artificial intelligence, such as solving problems intractable on classical computers. Some fundamental ideas behind quantum machine learning are similar to kernel methods in…
We analyze classically defined games for which a quantum team has an advantage over any classical team. The quantum team has a clear advantage in games in which the players of each team are separated in space and the quantum team can use…
Classical machine learning theory and theory of quantum computations are among of the most rapidly developing scientific areas in our days. In recent years, researchers investigated if quantum computing can help to improve classical machine…
Quantum technology is maturing to the point where quantum devices, such as quantum communication systems, quantum random number generators and quantum simulators, may be built with capabilities exceeding classical computers. A quantum…
Quantum game theory is the study of strategic behavior by agents with access to quantum technology. Broadly speaking, this technology can be employed in either of two ways: As part of a randomization device or as part of a communications…
While it seems possible that quantum computers may allow for algorithms offering a computational speed-up over classical algorithms for some problems, the issue is poorly understood. We explore this computational speed-up by investigating…
Quantum computers promise to surpass the most powerful classical supercomputers when it comes to solving many critically important practical problems, such as pharmaceutical and fertilizer design, supply chain and traffic optimization, or…
Quantum theory has found a new field of applications in the realm of information and computation during the recent years. This paper reviews how quantum physics allows information coding in classically unexpected and subtle nonlocal ways,…
Quantum processors have the potential to revolutionise computing on a scale unseen since the development of semiconductor technology in the middle of the 20th century. However, while there is now huge activity and investment in the field,…
Quantum computation is a novel way of information processing which allows, for certain classes of problems, exponential speedups over classical computation. Various models of quantum computation exist, such as the adiabatic, circuit and…
Quantum computations operate in the quantum world. For their results to be useful in any way, there is an intrinsic necessity of cooperation and communication controlled by the classical world. As a consequence, full formal descriptions of…