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Large Language Models (LLMs) have reshaped natural language processing with their impressive capabilities. However, their ever-increasing size has raised concerns about their effective deployment and the need for LLM compression. This study…

Transformer-based self-supervised models have achieved remarkable success in speech processing, but their large size and high inference cost present significant challenges for real-world deployment. While numerous compression techniques…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Tzu-Quan Lin , Tsung-Huan Yang , Chun-Yao Chang , Kuang-Ming Chen , Tzu-hsun Feng , Hung-yi Lee , Hao Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) incur significant computational and memory costs when processing long prompts, as full self-attention scales quadratically with input length. Token compression aims to address this challenge by reducing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zihao Xu , John Harvill , Ziwei Fan , Yizhou Sun , Hao Ding , Hao Wang

Large language models solve complex tasks by generating long reasoning chains, achieving higher accuracy at the cost of increased computational cost and reduced ability to isolate functionally relevant reasoning. Prior work on compact…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Janvijay Singh , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Large language models (LLMs) deliver superior performance but require substantial computational resources and operate with relatively low efficiency, while smaller models can efficiently handle simpler tasks with fewer resources. LLM…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Kai Mei , Wujiang Xu , Minghao Guo , Shuhang Lin , Yongfeng Zhang

Multimodal large language models can exhibit text dominance, over-relying on linguistic priors instead of grounding predictions in non-text inputs. One example is large audio-language models (LALMs) where decisive audio evidence can be…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Neta Glazer , Lenny Aharon , Ethan Fetaya

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) process a large number of visual tokens, leading to significant computational costs and inefficiency. Instruction-related visual token compression demonstrates strong task relevance, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Lei Lei , Jie Gu , Xiaokang Ma , Chu Tang , Jingmin Chen , Tong Xu

The efficient compression of large language models (LLMs) has become increasingly popular. However, recovering the performance of compressed LLMs remains a major challenge. The current practice in LLM compression entails the implementation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Changhai Zhou , Shijie Han , Lining Yang , Yuhua Zhou , Xu Cheng , Yibin Wang , Hongguang Li

Token reduction is an effective way to accelerate long-video vision-language models (VLMs), but most existing methods are designed for dense Transformers and do not directly account for hybrid architectures that interleave attention with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jindong Jiang , Amala Sanjay Deshmukh , Kateryna Chumachenko , Karan Sapra , Zhiding Yu , Guilin Liu , Andrew Tao , Pavlo Molchanov , Jan Kautz , Wonmin Byeon

Processing long visual token sequences poses a significant computational burden on Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). While token pruning offers a path to acceleration, we find that current methods, while adequate for general…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Evelyn Zhang , Fufu Yu , Aoqi Wu , Zichen Wen , Ke Yan , Shouhong Ding , Biqing Qi , Linfeng Zhang

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in multi-modal reasoning, but their inference time efficiency remains a significant challenge due to the memory overhead during decoding, especially when the query and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Fatih Ilhan , Gaowen Liu , Ramana Rao Kompella , Selim Furkan Tekin , Tiansheng Huang , Zachary Yahn , Yichang Xu , Ling Liu

We study model pruning methods applied to Transformer-based neural network language models for automatic speech recognition. We explore three aspects of the pruning frame work, namely criterion, method and scheduler, analyzing their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Leonardo Emili , Thiago Fraga-Silva , Ernest Pusateri , Markus Nußbaum-Thom , Youssef Oualil

Large Language Models (LLMs) based on autoregressive, decoder-only Transformers generate text one token at a time, where a token represents a discrete unit of text. As each newly produced token is appended to the partial output sequence,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Dimitrios Kafetzis , Ramin Khalili , Iordanis Koutsopoulos

Approaches for compressing large-language models using low-rank decomposition have made strides, particularly with the introduction of activation and loss-aware SVD, which improves the trade-off between decomposition rank and downstream…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Sidhant Sundrani , Francesco Tudisco , Pasquale Minervini

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) significantly improve the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) by learning to reason, exhibiting promising performance in solving complex tasks. However, their deliberative reasoning process leads…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yue Liu , Jiaying Wu , Yufei He , Ruihan Gong , Jun Xia , Liang Li , Hongcheng Gao , Hongyu Chen , Baolong Bi , Jiaheng Zhang , Zhiqi Huang , Bryan Hooi , Stan Z. Li , Keqin Li

The reasoning pattern of Large language models (LLMs) remains opaque, and Reinforcement learning (RL) typically applies uniform credit across an entire generation, blurring the distinction between pivotal and routine steps. This work…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Yang Li , Zhichen Dong , Yuhan Sun , Weixun Wang , Shaopan Xiong , Yijia Luo , Jiashun Liu , Han Lu , Jiamang Wang , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng , Junchi Yan

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved significant success across various tasks. These models usually encode visual inputs into dense token sequences, which are then concatenated with textual tokens and jointly processed by a language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hao Zhang , Mengsi Lyu , Chenrui He , Yulong Ao , Yonghua Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve superior performance through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, but these token-level reasoning chains are computationally expensive and inefficient. In this paper, we introduce Compressed Latent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Wenhui Tan , Jiaze Li , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo , Ruihua Song , Jian Luan

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in vision, language, and video understanding tasks, scaling them to long-form speech remains a critical bottleneck due to the explosive growth of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-03 Junseok Lee , Sangyong Lee , Chang-Jae Chun

Large multimodal models (LMMs) often suffer from severe inference inefficiency due to the large number of visual tokens introduced by image encoders. While recent token compression methods, such as pruning and merging, have shown promise in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Tianfan Peng , Yuntao Du , Pengzhou Ji , Shijie Dong , Kailin Jiang , Mingchuan Ma , Yijun Tian , Jinhe Bi , Qian Li , Wei Du , Feng Xiao , Lizhen Cui