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Collecting and annotating images with pixel-wise labels is time-consuming and laborious. In contrast, synthetic data can be freely available using a generative model (e.g., DALL-E, Stable Diffusion). In this paper, we show that it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Weijia Wu , Yuzhong Zhao , Mike Zheng Shou , Hong Zhou , Chunhua Shen

Diffusion models have demonstrated significant potential in speech synthesis tasks, including text-to-speech (TTS) and voice cloning. However, their iterative denoising processes are computationally intensive, and previous distillation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-21 Yingahao Aaron Li , Rithesh Kumar , Zeyu Jin

A canonical approach to approximating the partition function of a Gibbs distribution via sampling is simulated annealing. This method has led to efficient reductions from counting to sampling, including: $\bullet$ classic non-adaptive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Hongyang Liu , Yitong Yin , Yiyao Zhang

In zero-shot learning (ZSL) community, it is generally recognized that transductive learning performs better than inductive one as the unseen-class samples are also used in its training stage. How to generate pseudo labels for unseen-class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Bo Liu , Lihua Hu , Qiulei Dong , Zhanyi Hu

Diffusion models have recently emerged as the dominant approach in visual generation tasks. However, the lengthy denoising chains and the computationally intensive noise estimation networks hinder their applicability in low-latency and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Qian Zeng , Jie Song , Yuanyu Wan , Huiqiong Wang , Mingli Song

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG) has emerged as a central approach for enhancing semantic alignment in flow-based diffusion models. In this paper, we explore a unified framework called CFG-Ctrl, which reinterprets CFG as a control applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Hanyang Wang , Yiyang Liu , Jiawei Chi , Fangfu Liu , Ran Xue , Yueqi Duan

Subsampling methods aim to select a subsample as a surrogate for the observed sample. Such methods have been used pervasively in large-scale data analytics, active learning, and privacy-preserving analysis in recent decades. Instead of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-03 Jingyi Zhang , Cheng Meng , Jun Yu , Mengrui Zhang , Wenxuan Zhong , Ping Ma

Markov chain Monte Carlo methods provide an essential tool in statistics for sampling from complex probability distributions. While the standard approach to MCMC involves constructing discrete-time reversible Markov chains whose transition…

Computation · Statistics 2020-09-29 Joris Bierkens , Andrew Duncan

By building upon the recent theory that established the connection between implicit generative modeling (IGM) and optimal transport, in this study, we propose a novel parameter-free algorithm for learning the underlying distributions of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-12 Antoine Liutkus , Umut Şimşekli , Szymon Majewski , Alain Durmus , Fabian-Robert Stöter

Recovering a signal from its degraded measurements is a long standing challenge in science and engineering. Recently, zero-shot diffusion based methods have been proposed for such inverse problems, offering a posterior sampling based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Roi Benita , Michael Elad , Joseph Keshet

Scene flow estimation is the task of describing the 3D motion field between temporally successive point clouds. State-of-the-art methods use strong priors and test-time optimization techniques, but require on the order of tens of seconds to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Kyle Vedder , Neehar Peri , Nathaniel Chodosh , Ishan Khatri , Eric Eaton , Dinesh Jayaraman , Yang Liu , Deva Ramanan , James Hays

We present simulation-free score and flow matching ([SF]$^2$M), a simulation-free objective for inferring stochastic dynamics given unpaired samples drawn from arbitrary source and target distributions. Our method generalizes both the…

Diverse outputs in text generation are necessary for effective exploration in complex reasoning tasks, such as code generation and mathematical problem solving. Such Pass@$k$ problems benefit from distinct candidates covering the solution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Sean Lamont , Christian Walder , Paul Montague , Amir Dezfouli , Michael Norrish

Diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have achieved impressive success in visual generation. While, they suffer from slow inference speed due to iterative sampling. Employing fewer sampling steps is an intuitive solution, but this will also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Hu Yu , Hao Luo , Fan Wang , Feng Zhao

Visual-textual correlations in the attention maps derived from text-to-image diffusion models are proven beneficial to dense visual prediction tasks, e.g., semantic segmentation. However, a significant challenge arises due to the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Jiayi Lin , Jiabo Huang , Jian Hu , Shaogang Gong

Fine-tuning large pretrained language models (LLMs) is a cornerstone of modern NLP, yet its growing memory demands (driven by backpropagation and large optimizer States) limit deployment in resource-constrained settings. Zero-order (ZO)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Valery Parfenov , Grigoriy Evseev , Andrey Veprikov , Nikolay Bushkov , Stanislav Moiseev , Aleksandr Beznosikov

Text-based image segmentation aims to delineate object boundaries within an image from text prompts, offering higher flexibility and broader application scope compared to traditional fixed-category segmentation tasks. Recent studies have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Zishen Qu , Xuesong Li , Haijian Gu , Hongwei Kang , Quan Meng , Tianrui Niu , Xin Yang , Ruidong Pan

Diffusion and flow matching models generate samples by learning time-dependent vector fields whose integration transports noise to data, requiring tens to hundreds of network evaluations at inference. We instead learn the transport map…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Xiao Shou

Simulating atmospheric turbulence is an essential task for evaluating turbulence mitigation algorithms and training learning-based methods. Advanced numerical simulators for atmospheric turbulence are available, but they require evaluating…

Optics · Physics 2020-06-24 Nicholas Chimitt , Stanley H. Chan

Inference-time steering enables pretrained diffusion/flow models to be adapted to new tasks without retraining. A widely used approach is the ratio-of-densities method, which defines a time-indexed target path by reweighting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Ziseok Lee , Minyeong Hwang , Sanghyun Jo , Wooyeol Lee , Jihyung Ko , Young Bin Park , Jae-Mun Choi , Eunho Yang , Kyungsu Kim