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This is a preprint. The latest version has been published here: https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/10.1148/ryai.230275 Purpose: Sparse-view computed tomography (CT) is an effective way to reduce dose by lowering the total number of views acquired,…

This paper presents a two-stage method for beam hardening artifact correction of dental cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT). The proposed artifact reduction method is designed to improve the quality of maxillofacial imaging, where soft…

For the ore particle size detection, obtaining a sizable amount of high-quality ore labeled data is time-consuming and expensive. General object detection methods often suffer from severe over-fitting with scarce labeled data. Despite their…

Metal artifact reduction (MAR) in computed tomography (CT) is a notoriously challenging task because the artifacts are structured and non-local in the image domain. However, they are inherently local in the sinogram domain. Thus, one…

Perturbation-based explainability methods such as KernelSHAP provide model-agnostic attributions but are typically impractical for patch-based 3D medical image segmentation due to the large number of coalition evaluations and the high cost…

In clinical practice, radiologists are reliant on the lesion size when distinguishing metastatic from non-metastatic lesions. A prerequisite for lesion sizing is their detection, as it promotes the downstream assessment of tumor spread.…

Quantum imaging has a potential of enhancing precision of the object reconstruction by using quantum correlations of the imaging field. This is especially important for imaging requiring low-intensity fields up to the level of few-photons.…

Background: Material structures at the micrometer scale cause ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering, e.g., seen in lung tissue or plastic foams. In grating-based X-ray imaging, this causes a reduction of the fringe visibility, forming a…

Weak gravitational lensing has proven to be a powerful tool to map directly the distribution of dark matter in the Universe. The technique, currently used, relies on the accurate measurement of the gravitational shear that corresponds to…

Combinations of spectroscopic analysis and microscopic techniques are used across many disciplines of scientific research, including material science, chemistry and biology. X-ray spectromicroscopy, in particular, is a powerful tool used…

We use numerical simulations of ray tracing through N-body simulations to investigate weak lensing by large-scale structure. These are needed for testing the analytic predictions of two-point correlators, to set error estimates on them and…

Embedded computer vision applications increasingly require the speed and power benefits of single-precision (32 bit) floating point. However, applications which make use of Levenberg-like optimization can lose significant accuracy when…

The improvement of computed tomography (CT) image resolution is beneficial to the subsequent medical diagnosis, but it is usually limited by the scanning devices and great expense. Convolutional neural network (CNN)-based methods have…

High-quality imaging in photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) usually requires a high-channel count system for dense spatial sampling around the object to avoid aliasing-related artefacts. To reduce system complexity, various image…

Creating accurate and low-noise covariance matrices represents a formidable challenge in modern-day cosmology. We present a formalism to compress arbitrary observables into a small number of bins by projection into a model-specific subspace…

X-ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography(XFCT) is a prevalent experimental technique which is utilized to investigate the spatial distribution of elements in sample. The sensitivity of L-shell XFCT of some elements is lower than that of…

Iterative methods for tomographic image reconstruction have great potential for enabling high quality imaging from low-dose projection data. The computational burden of iterative reconstruction algorithms, however, has been an impediment in…

Metal objects pose a significant challenge in cone-beam computed tomography, as their strong and energy-dependent X-ray attenuation leads to inconsistent projections and severe streaking and shading artifacts in reconstructed images. These…

Pixel-level crack segmentation is widely studied due to its high impact on building and road inspections. While recent studies have made significant improvements in accuracy, they typically heavily depend on pixel-level crack annotations,…

We present a new approach for computing compact sketches that can be used to approximate the inner product between pairs of high-dimensional vectors. Based on the Weighted MinHash algorithm, our approach admits strong accuracy guarantees…