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Computed Tomography (CT) is a vital diagnostic tool in clinical practice, yet the health risks associated with ionizing radiation cannot be overlooked. Low-dose CT (LDCT) helps mitigate radiation exposure but simultaneously leads to reduced…
Forthcoming astronomical imaging surveys will use weak gravitational lensing shear as a primary probe to study dark energy, with accuracy requirements at the 0.1% level. We present an implementation of the Metadetection shear measurement…
Industrial cone-beam X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans of additively manufactured components produce a 3D reconstruction from projection measurements acquired at multiple predetermined rotation angles of the component about a single…
Document sketching using Jaccard similarity has been a workable effective technique in reducing near-duplicates in Web page and image search results, and has also proven useful in file system synchronization, compression and learning…
A transmission electron microscope that takes advantage of superconducting quantum circuitry is proposed. The microscope is designed to improve image contrast of radiation-sensitive weak phase objects, in particular biological specimens.…
Devices made from two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene or transition metal dichalcogenides possess interesting electronic properties that can become accessible to experimental probes when the samples are protected from…
With increasingly large data sets, weak lensing measurements are able to measure cosmological parameters with ever greater precision. However this increased accuracy also places greater demands on the statistical tools used to extract the…
Weak lensing by large-scale structure is a powerful probe of cosmology if the apparent alignments in the shapes of distant galaxies can be accurately measured. Most studies have therefore focused on improving the fidelity of the shape…
Filtered backpropagation (FBPP) is a well-known technique used for Diffraction Tomography (DT). For accurate reconstruction of a complex image using FBPP, full $360^{\circ}$ angular coverage is necessary. However, it has been shown that…
CT scans are the standard-of-care for many clinical ailments, and are needed for treatments like external beam radiotherapy. Unfortunately, CT scanners are rare in low and mid-resource settings due to their costs. Planar X-ray radiography…
In the scanning transmission electron microscope, fast-scanning and frame-averaging are two widely used approaches for reducing electron-beam damage and increasing image signal-noise ratio which require no additional specialised hardware.…
Three-dimensional x-ray CT image reconstruction in baggage scanning in security applications is an important research field. The variety of materials to be reconstructed is broader than medical x-ray imaging. Presence of high attenuating…
The search for free-floating planets (FFPs) is a key science driver for upcoming microlensing surveys like the Nancy Grace Roman Galactic Exoplanet Survey. These rogue worlds are typically detected via short-duration microlensing events,…
Weak gravitational lensing (WL) causes distortions of galaxy images and probes massive structures on large scales, allowing us to understand the late-time evolution of the Universe. One way to extract the cosmological information from WL is…
Efficient and fast reconstruction of anatomical structures plays a crucial role in clinical practice. Minimizing retrieval and processing times not only potentially enhances swift response and decision-making in critical scenarios but also…
We propose a new modeling approach for scatter estimation and descattering in polyenergetic X-ray computed tomography (CT) based on fitting models to local neighborhoods of a training set. X-ray CT is widely used in medical and industrial…
Cone-beam CT (CBCT) employs a flat-panel detector to achieve three-dimensional imaging with high spatial resolution. However, CBCT is susceptible to scatter during data acquisition, which introduces CT value bias and reduced tissue contrast…
Monocular depth estimation in endoscopy videos can enable assistive and robotic surgery to obtain better coverage of the organ and detection of various health issues. Despite promising progress on mainstream, natural image depth estimation,…
We present a new formalism to separate large- and small-scale contributions to cosmic shear through \textit{lensing counterterms} (LCT) inspired by effective field theory (EFT). Marginalizing over these LCTs isolates the large-scale…
Low-dose positron emission tomography (PET) image reconstruction methods have potential to significantly improve PET as an imaging modality. Deep learning provides a promising means of incorporating prior information into the image…