English
Related papers

Related papers: Process Supervision of Confidence Margin for Calib…

200 papers

Reasoning large language models (LLMs) excel in complex tasks, which has drawn significant attention to reinforcement learning (RL) for LLMs. However, existing approaches allocate an equal number of rollouts to all questions during the RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Mengqi Liao , Xiangyu Xi , Ruinian Chen , Jia Leng , Yangen Hu , Ke Zeng , Shuai Liu , Huaiyu Wan

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has demonstrated significant success in enhancing mathematical reasoning and coding performance of large language models (LLMs), especially when structured reference answers are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yi Su , Dian Yu , Linfeng Song , Juntao Li , Haitao Mi , Zhaopeng Tu , Min Zhang , Dong Yu

The miscalibration of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) undermines their reliability in high-stakes domains, necessitating methods to accurately estimate the confidence of their long-form, multi-step outputs. To address this gap, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Reza Khanmohammadi , Erfan Miahi , Simerjot Kaur , Ivan Brugere , Charese H. Smiley , Kundan Thind , Mohammad M. Ghassemi

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has emerged as an effective approach for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite its efficacy, RLVR faces a meta-learning bottleneck: it lacks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Shiting Huang , Zecheng Li , Yu Zeng , Qingnan Ren , Zhen Fang , Qisheng Su , Kou Shi , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Feng Zhao

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has demonstrated superior performance in enhancing the reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs). However, this accuracy-oriented learning paradigm often suffers from entropy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Hongye Cao , Zhixin Bai , Ziyue Peng , Boyan Wang , Tianpei Yang , Jing Huo , Yuyao Zhang , Yang Gao

Inspired by the success of reinforcement learning (RL) in Large Language Model (LLM) training for domains like math and code, recent works have begun exploring how to train LLMs to use search engines more effectively as tools for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zhichao Xu , Zongyu Wu , Yun Zhou , Aosong Feng , Kang Zhou , Sangmin Woo , Kiran Ramnath , Yijun Tian , Xuan Qi , Weikang Qiu , Lin Lee Cheong , Haibo Ding

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to achieve remarkable reasoning in domains like mathematics and coding, where verifiable rewards provide clear signals. However, extending this paradigm to financial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Rui Sun , Yifan Sun , Sheng Xu , Li Zhao , Jing Li , Daxin Jiang , Cheng Hua , Zuo Bai

Learning to rank (LTR) plays a crucial role in various Information Retrieval (IR) tasks. Although supervised LTR methods based on fine-grained relevance labels (e.g., document-level annotations) have achieved significant success, their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Yiteng Tu , Zhichao Xu , Tao Yang , Weihang Su , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu , Fen Lin , Qin Liu , Qingyao Ai

Large language models are increasingly deployed in high-stakes tasks, where confident yet incorrect inferences may cause severe real-world harm, bringing the previously overlooked issue of confidence faithfulness back to the forefront. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Haokai Ma , Lee Yan Zhen , Gang Yang , Yunshan Ma , Ee-Chien Chang , Tat-Seng Chua

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of tasks in various domains. Despite their impressive performance, they can be unreliable due to factual errors in their generations. Assessing their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Jiahui Geng , Fengyu Cai , Yuxia Wang , Heinz Koeppl , Preslav Nakov , Iryna Gurevych

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) typically relies on massive computational resources and extensive datasets, limiting accessibility for resource-constrained settings. Our study investigates the potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Quy-Anh Dang , Chris Ngo

Test-time scaling methods have seen a rapid increase in popularity for its computational efficiency and parameter-independent training to improve reasoning performance on Large Language Models. One such method is called budget forcing, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Ravindra Aribowo Tarunokusumo , Rafael Fernandes Cunha

Reinforcement finetuning (RFT) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for unlocking reasoning capabilities in large language models. However, we identify a critical trade-off: while unconstrained RFT achieves strong reasoning performance, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Shuozhe Li , Jincheng Cao , Bodun Hu , Aryan Mokhtari , Leqi Liu , Amy Zhang

Reasoning Large Language Models (R-LLMs) have significantly advanced complex reasoning tasks but often struggle with factuality, generating substantially more hallucinations than their non-reasoning counterparts on long-form factuality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Xilun Chen , Ilia Kulikov , Vincent-Pierre Berges , Barlas Oğuz , Rulin Shao , Gargi Ghosh , Jason Weston , Wen-tau Yih

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities in complex problem-solving tasks, sparking growing interest in their application to preference reasoning in recommendation systems. Existing methods typically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yang Zhang , Wenxin Xu , Xiaoyan Zhao , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He , Tat-Seng Chua

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards~(RLVR) has become a prominent paradigm to enhance the capabilities (i.e.\ long-context) of Large Language Models~(LLMs). However, it often relies on gold-standard answers or explicit evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yao Xiao , Lei Wang , Yue Deng , Guanzheng Chen , Ziqi Jin , Jung-jae Kim , Xiaoli Li , Roy Ka-wei Lee , Lidong Bing

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising strategy for finetuning small language models (SLMs) to solve targeted tasks such as math and coding. However, RL algorithms tend to be resource-intensive, taking a significant amount…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Lianghuan Huang , Sagnik Anupam , Insup Lee , Shuo Li , Osbert Bastani

Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant promise for mathematics education, yet they often struggle with complex mathematical reasoning. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates these issues by grounding LLMs in external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Shiting Chen , Zijian Zhao , Jinsong Chen

Large pretrained models are showing increasingly better performance in reasoning and planning tasks across different modalities, opening the possibility to leverage them for complex sequential decision making problems. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Martin Klissarov , Devon Hjelm , Alexander Toshev , Bogdan Mazoure

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has emerged as a promising approach for training reasoning language models (RLMs) by leveraging supervision from verifiers. Although verifier implementation is easier than solution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Andre He , Nathaniel Weir , Kaj Bostrom , Allen Nie , Darion Cassel , Sam Bayless , Huzefa Rangwala