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The vast amounts of audio data collected in Sound Event Detection (SED) applications require efficient annotation strategies to enable supervised learning. Manual labeling is expensive and time-consuming, making Active Learning (AL) a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Richard Lindholm , Oscar Marklund , Olof Mogren , John Martinsson

In this paper, we study the use of soft labels to train a system for sound event detection (SED). Soft labels can result from annotations which account for human uncertainty about categories, or emerge as a natural representation of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-01 Irene Martín-Morató , Manu Harju , Paul Ahokas , Annamaria Mesaros

Active learning (AL) is a principled strategy to reduce annotation cost in data-hungry deep learning. However, existing AL algorithms focus almost exclusively on unimodal data, overlooking the substantial annotation burden in multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jiancheng Zhang , Yinglun Zhu

In this work, we introduce a novel framework that employs cluster annotation to boost active learning by reducing the number of human interactions required to train deep neural networks. Instead of annotating single samples individually,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Fábio Perez , Rémi Lebret , Karl Aberer

Deep active learning has emerged as a powerful tool for training deep learning models within a predefined labeling budget. These models have achieved performances comparable to those trained in an offline setting. However, deep active…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Moseli Mots'oehli , Kyungim Baek

Clinical settings are often characterized by abundant unlabelled data and limited labelled data. This is typically driven by the high burden placed on oracles (e.g., physicians) to provide annotations. One way to mitigate this burden is via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Dani Kiyasseh , Tingting Zhu , David A. Clifton

The development of medical science greatly depends on the increased utilization of machine learning algorithms. By incorporating machine learning, the medical imaging field can significantly improve in terms of the speed and accuracy of the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-01 Angona Biswas , MD Abdullah Al Nasim , Md Shahin Ali , Ismail Hossain , Md Azim Ullah , Sajedul Talukder

The primary challenge of multi-label active learning, differing it from multi-class active learning, lies in assessing the informativeness of an indefinite number of labels while also accounting for the inherited label correlation. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yuanyuan Qi , Jueqing Lu , Xiaohao Yang , Joanne Enticott , Lan Du

In this paper, we introduce the FOCAL (Ford-OLIVES Collaboration on Active Learning) dataset which enables the study of the impact of annotation-cost within a video active learning setting. Annotation-cost refers to the time it takes an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Kiran Kokilepersaud , Yash-Yee Logan , Ryan Benkert , Chen Zhou , Mohit Prabhushankar , Ghassan AlRegib , Enrique Corona , Kunjan Singh , Mostafa Parchami

Document images often have intricate layout structures, with numerous content regions (e.g. texts, figures, tables) densely arranged on each page. This makes the manual annotation of layout datasets expensive and inefficient. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Zejiang Shen , Jian Zhao , Melissa Dell , Yaoliang Yu , Weining Li

Active learning is a branch of machine learning that deals with problems where unlabeled data is abundant yet obtaining labels is expensive. The learning algorithm has the possibility of querying a limited number of samples to obtain the…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-09-04 Hugo Cui , Luca Saglietti , Lenka Zdeborová

While deep learning (DL) is data-hungry and usually relies on extensive labeled data to deliver good performance, Active Learning (AL) reduces labeling costs by selecting a small proportion of samples from unlabeled data for labeling and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Xueying Zhan , Qingzhong Wang , Kuan-hao Huang , Haoyi Xiong , Dejing Dou , Antoni B. Chan

In the era of data-driven intelligence, the paradox of data abundance and annotation scarcity has emerged as a critical bottleneck in the advancement of machine learning. This paper gives a detailed overview of Active Learning (AL), which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Chiung-Yi Tseng , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Tianyang Wang , Chia Xin Liang , Xinyuan Song , Ming Liu

The task of determining labels of all network nodes based on the knowledge about network structure and labels of some training subset of nodes is called the within-network classification. It may happen that none of the labels of the nodes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-10-06 Tomasz Kajdanowicz , Radosław Michalski , Katarzyna Musiał , Przemysław Kazienko

We propose a novel framework to perform classification via deep learning in the presence of noisy annotations. When trained on noisy labels, deep neural networks have been observed to first fit the training data with clean labels during an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Sheng Liu , Jonathan Niles-Weed , Narges Razavian , Carlos Fernandez-Granda

Supervised training of object detectors requires well-annotated large-scale datasets, whose production is costly. Therefore, some efforts have been made to obtain annotations in economical ways, such as cloud sourcing. However, datasets…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Jiafeng Mao , Qing Yu , Yoko Yamakata , Kiyoharu Aizawa

Process Reward Models (PRMs) provide step-level supervision to large language models (LLMs), but scaling up training data annotation remains challenging for both humans and LLMs. To address this limitation, we propose an active learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Keyu Duan , Zichen Liu , Xin Mao , Tianyu Pang , Changyu Chen , Qiguang Chen , Michael Qizhe Shieh , Longxu Dou

Crowdsourcing provides a practical way to obtain large amounts of labeled data at a low cost. However, the annotation quality of annotators varies considerably, which imposes new challenges in learning a high-quality model from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Zhendong Chu , Jing Ma , Hongning Wang

Crowdsourcing has been the prevalent paradigm for creating natural language understanding datasets in recent years. A common crowdsourcing practice is to recruit a small number of high-quality workers, and have them massively generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Mor Geva , Yoav Goldberg , Jonathan Berant

This paper proposes a novel training scheme for fast matching models in Search Ads, which is motivated by the real challenges in model training. The first challenge stems from the pursuit of high throughput, which prohibits the deployment…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Xue Li , Zhipeng Luo , Hao Sun , Jianjin Zhang , Weihao Han , Xianqi Chu , Liangjie Zhang , Qi Zhang
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