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Embodied-AI agents must reason about how objects move and interact in 3-D space over time, yet existing smaller frontier Large Language Models (LLMs) still mis-handle fine-grained spatial relations, metric distances, and temporal orderings.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Jacob Anderson , Bardh Hoxha , Georgios Fainekos , Hideki Okamoto , Danil Prokhorov

Speech separation has been very successful with deep learning techniques. Substantial effort has been reported based on approaches over spectrogram, which is well known as the standard time-and-frequency cross-domain representation for…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Gene-Ping Yang , Chao-I Tuan , Hung-Yi Lee , Lin-shan Lee

We consider the generative modeling of speech over multiple minutes, a requirement for long-form multimedia generation and audio-native voice assistants. However, textless spoken language models struggle to generate plausible speech past…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Se Jin Park , Julian Salazar , Aren Jansen , Keisuke Kinoshita , Yong Man Ro , RJ Skerry-Ryan

Direct speech-to-text translation (ST) models are usually trained on corpora segmented at sentence level, but at inference time they are commonly fed with audio split by a voice activity detector (VAD). Since VAD segmentation is not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Marco Gaido , Mattia Antonino Di Gangi , Matteo Negri , Mauro Cettolo , Marco Turchi

Self-supervised learning (SSL) speech representations learned from large amounts of diverse, mixed-quality speech data without transcriptions are gaining ground in many speech technology applications. Prior work has shown that SSL is an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-12 Siyang Wang , Gustav Eje Henter , Joakim Gustafson , Éva Székely

We propose and analyze the use of an explicit time-context window for neural network-based spectral masking speech enhancement to leverage signal context dependencies between neighboring frames. In particular, we concentrate on soft masking…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Luan Vinícius Fiorio , Boris Karanov , Bruno Defraene , Johan David , Wim van Houtum , Frans Widdershoven , Ronald M. Aarts

Speaker embedding is an important front-end module to explore discriminative speaker features for many speech applications where speaker information is needed. Current SOTA backbone networks for speaker embedding are designed to aggregate…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Ruiteng Zhang , Jianguo Wei , Xugang Lu , Wenhuan Lu , Di Jin , Junhai Xu , Lin Zhang , Yantao Ji , Jianwu Dang

LSTM-based speaker verification usually uses a fixed-length local segment randomly truncated from an utterance to learn the utterance-level speaker embedding, while using the average embedding of all segments of a test utterance to verify…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-05 Bin Liu , Shuai Nie , Yaping Zhang , Shan Liang , Wenju Liu

Systems based on automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology can provide important functionality in computer assisted language learning applications. This is a young but growing area of research motivated by the large number of students…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-02-29 Zhenhao Ge , Sudhendu R. Sharma , Mark J. T. Smith

Previous real-time MRI (rtMRI)-based speech synthesis models depend heavily on noisy ground-truth speech. Applying loss directly over ground truth mel-spectrograms entangles speech content with MRI noise, resulting in poor intelligibility.…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Neil Shah , Ayan Kashyap , Shirish Karande , Vineet Gandhi

Understanding the internal representations of large language models is crucial for ensuring their reliability and safety, with sparse autoencoders (SAEs) emerging as a promising interpretability approach. However, current SAE training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 T. Ed Li , Junyu Ren

Token-based text-to-speech (TTS) models have emerged as a promising avenue for generating natural and realistic speech, yet they grapple with low pronunciation accuracy, speaking style and timbre inconsistency, and a substantial need for…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chunhui Wang , Chang Zeng , Bowen Zhang , Ziyang Ma , Yefan Zhu , Zifeng Cai , Jian Zhao , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen

Attackers may manipulate audio with the intent of presenting falsified reports, changing an opinion of a public figure, and winning influence and power. The prevalence of inauthentic multimedia continues to rise, so it is imperative to…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Emily R. Bartusiak , Edward J. Delp

We propose a method of simulating the human process of foreign accentuation using Generative Spoken Language Model (GSLM) only with native speech corpora. When one listens to spoken words of a foreign language and repeats them, the repeated…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Kentaro Onda , Joonyong Park , Nobuaki Minematsu , Daisuke Saito

Self-supervised learning (SSL) for automated speech recognition in terms of its emotional content, can be heavily degraded by the presence noise, affecting the efficiency of modeling the intricate temporal and spectral informative…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-13 Ioannis Ziogas , Hessa Alfalahi , Ahsan H. Khandoker , Leontios J. Hadjileontiadis

State-of-the-art statistical parametric speech synthesis (SPSS) generally uses a vocoder to represent speech signals and parameterize them into features for subsequent modeling. Magnitude spectrum has been a dominant feature over the years.…

Sound · Computer Science 2015-10-08 Bo Fan , Siu Wa Lee , Xiaohai Tian , Lei Xie , Minghui Dong

Speech sounds of spoken language are obtained by varying configuration of the articulators surrounding the vocal tract. They contain abundant information that can be utilized to better understand the underlying mechanism of human speech…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-17 Laxmi Pandey , Ahmed Sabbir Arif

Vocoders received renewed attention as main components in statistical parametric text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis and speech transformation systems. Even though there are vocoding techniques give almost accepted synthesized speech, their high…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Mohammed Salah Al-Radhi , Tamás Gábor Csapó , Géza Németh

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) are widely used for speech emotion recognition (SER). In such cases, the short time fourier transform (STFT) spectrogram is the most popular choice for representing speech, which is fed as input to the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-09 Shruti Gupta , Md. Shah Fahad , Akshay Deepak

Text-Based Person Search (TBPS) aims to retrieve target person images from a large-scale gallery using natural language descriptions, posing fundamental challenges in cross-modal representation learning. Existing methods often struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jing Liu , Donglai Wei , Yang Liu , Sipeng Zhang , Tong Yang , Wei Zhou , Weiping Ding , Victor C. M. Leung