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The proliferation of AI-generated content has facilitated sophisticated face manipulation, severely undermining visual integrity and posing unprecedented challenges to intellectual property. In response, a common proactive defense leverages…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Haonan An , Xiaohui Ye , Guang Hua , Yihang Tao , Hangcheng Cao , Xiangyu Yu , Yuguang Fang

Watermarking is a crucial tool for safeguarding copyrights and can serve as a more aesthetically pleasing alternative to QR codes. In recent years, watermarking methods based on deep learning have proved superior robustness against complex…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Zhe Lei , Jie Zhang , Jingtao Li , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Robust invisible watermarking aims to embed hidden information into images such that the watermark can survive various image manipulations. However, the rise of powerful diffusion-based image generation and editing techniques poses a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Yunyi Ni , Finn Carter , Ze Niu , Emily Davis , Bo Zhang

Deep learning-based watermarking has emerged as a promising solution for robust image authentication and protection. However, existing models are limited by low embedding capacity and vulnerability to bit-level errors, making them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Hyunwook Choi , Sangyun Won , Daeyeon Hwang , Junhyeok Choi

Digital watermarking has been widely used to protect the copyright and integrity of multimedia data. Previous studies mainly focus on designing watermarking techniques that are robust to attacks of destroying the embedded watermarks.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-20 Ruowei Wang , Chenguo Lin , Qijun Zhao , Feiyu Zhu

Watermarking embeds information into digital content like images, audio, or text, imperceptible to humans but robustly detectable by specific algorithms. This technology has important applications in many challenges of the industry such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Pierre Fernandez

Notwithstanding offering convenience and entertainment to society, Deepfake face swapping has caused critical privacy issues with the rapid development of deep generative models. Due to imperceptible artifacts in high-quality synthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Tianyi Wang , Mengxiao Huang , Harry Cheng , Bin Ma , Yinglong Wang

The proliferation of AI-generated content brings significant concerns on the forensic and security issues such as source tracing, copyright protection, etc, highlighting the need for effective watermarking technologies. Font-based text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Kahim Wong , Jicheng Zhou , Kemou Li , Yain-Whar Si , Xiaowei Wu , Jiantao Zhou

With the advent of the screen-reading era, the confidential documents displayed on the screen can be easily captured by a camera without leaving any traces. Thus, this paper proposes a novel screen-shooting resilient watermarking scheme for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Sulong Ge , Zhihua Xia , Yao Tong , Jian Weng , Jianan Liu

As generative artificial intelligence technologies like Stable Diffusion advance, visual content becomes more vulnerable to misuse, raising concerns about copyright infringement. Visual watermarks serve as effective protection mechanisms,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Junxian Duan , Jiyang Guan , Wenkui Yang , Ran He

Language models now routinely produce text that is difficult to distinguish from human writing, raising the need for robust tools to verify content provenance. Watermarking has emerged as a promising countermeasure, with existing work…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Huijia Lin , Kameron Shahabi , Min Jae Song

Invisible watermarks safeguard images' copyrights by embedding hidden messages only detectable by owners. They also prevent people from misusing images, especially those generated by AI models. We propose a family of regeneration attacks to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xuandong Zhao , Kexun Zhang , Zihao Su , Saastha Vasan , Ilya Grishchenko , Christopher Kruegel , Giovanni Vigna , Yu-Xiang Wang , Lei Li

Deep learning has become a breathtaking technology in the last years, overcoming traditional handcrafted approaches and even humans for many different tasks. However, in some tasks, such as the verification of handwritten signatures, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Ruben Tolosana , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez , Julian Fierrez , Javier Ortega-Garcia

Watermarking is the process of embedding information into an image that can survive under distortions, while requiring the encoded image to have little or no perceptual difference from the original image. Recently, deep learning-based…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Xiyang Luo , Ruohan Zhan , Huiwen Chang , Feng Yang , Peyman Milanfar

Digital image watermarking is the process of embedding and extracting a watermark covertly on a cover-image. To dynamically adapt image watermarking algorithms, deep learning-based image watermarking schemes have attracted increased…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Xin Zhong , Pei-Chi Huang , Spyridon Mastorakis , Frank Y. Shih

The rapid growth of digital and AI-generated images has amplified the need for secure and verifiable methods of image attribution. While digital watermarking offers more robust protection than metadata-based approaches--which can be easily…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Tong Zhou , Ruyi Ding , Gaowen Liu , Charles Fleming , Ramana Rao Kompella , Yunsi Fei , Xiaolin Xu , Shaolei Ren

Deep neural networks have recently achieved significant progress. Sharing trained models of these deep neural networks is very important in the rapid progress of researching or developing deep neural network systems. At the same time, it is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Yusuke Uchida , Yuki Nagai , Shigeyuki Sakazawa , Shin'ichi Satoh

Due to costly efforts during data acquisition and model training, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) belong to the intellectual property of the model creator. Hence, unauthorized use, theft, or modification may lead to legal repercussions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Torsten Krauß , Jasper Stang , Alexandra Dmitrienko

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) and diffusion models have dramatically advanced deepfake technology, and its threats to digital security, media integrity, and public trust have increased rapidly. This research explored zero-shot…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Ayan Sar , Sampurna Roy , Tanupriya Choudhury , Ajith Abraham

Deep learning techniques have implemented many unconditional image generation (UIG) models, such as GAN, Diffusion model, etc. The extremely realistic images (also known as AI-Generated Content, AIGC for short) produced by these models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Ruinan Ma , Yu-an Tan , Shangbo Wu , Tian Chen , Yajie Wang , Yuanzhang Li