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Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) cooperation has emerged as a promising paradigm to overcome the perception limitations of classical autonomous driving by leveraging information from both ego-vehicle and infrastructure sensors. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Junwei You , Haotian Shi , Zhuoyu Jiang , Zilin Huang , Rui Gan , Keshu Wu , Xi Cheng , Xiaopeng Li , Bin Ran

Past work has demonstrated that autonomous vehicles can drive more safely if they communicate with one another than if they do not. However, their communication has often not been human-understandable. Using natural language as a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jiaxun Cui , Chen Tang , Jarrett Holtz , Janice Nguyen , Alessandro G. Allievi , Hang Qiu , Peter Stone

Integrating large language models (LLMs) into autonomous driving enhances personalization and adaptability in open-world scenarios. However, traditional edge computing models still face significant challenges in processing complex driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiao Chen , Suyan Dai , Fangfang Chen , Zuohong Lv , Jianhua Tang

The development of robust Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) is bottlenecked by the scarcity of "Long-Tail" training data. While fleets collect petabytes of video logs, identifying rare safety-critical events (e.g., erratic jaywalking, construction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Antonio Guillen-Perez

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework for end-to-end autonomous driving. However, existing VLAs typically rely on sparse action supervision, which underutilizes their powerful scene understanding and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Xiaodong Mei , Diankun Zhang , Hongwei Xie , Guang Chen , Hangjun Ye , Dan Xu

As large language models (LLMs) evolve, deploying them solely in the cloud or compressing them for edge devices has become inadequate due to concerns about latency, privacy, cost, and personalization. This survey explores a collaborative…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Senyao Li , Haozhao Wang , Wenchao Xu , Rui Zhang , Song Guo , Jingling Yuan , Xian Zhong , Tianwei Zhang , Ruixuan Li

The adoption of unmanned aerial vehicles to monitor critical infrastructure is gaining momentum in various industrial domains. Organizational imperatives drive this progression to minimize expenses, accelerate processes, and mitigate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tasnim Ahmed , Salimur Choudhury

Vehicle-to-everything communications-assisted autonomous driving has witnessed remarkable advancements in recent years, with pragmatic communications (PragComm) emerging as a promising paradigm for real-time collaboration among vehicles and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jiahao Huang , Jianhang Zhu , Rongpeng Li , Zhifeng Zhao , Honggang Zhang

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) allow vehicles to exchange warning messages with each other. These specific kinds of networks help reduce hazardous traffic situations and improve safety, which are two of the main objectives in developing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Jamal Toutouh , Enrique Alba

Vision-Language Models(VLMs) have demonstrated significant potential for end-to-end autonomous driving, yet a substantial gap remains between their current capabilities and the reliability necessary for real-world deployment. A critical…

Recent years have seen remarkable progress in autonomous driving, yet generalization to long-tail and open-world scenarios remains a major bottleneck for large-scale deployment. To address this challenge, some works use LLMs and VLMs for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Hao Shao , Letian Wang , Yang Zhou , Yuxuan Hu , Zhuofan Zong , Steven L. Waslander , Wei Zhan , Hongsheng Li

In a level-5 autonomous driving system, the autonomous driving vehicles (AVs) are expected to sense the surroundings via analyzing a large amount of data captured by a variety of onboard sensors in near-real-time. As a result, enormous…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Bo Yang , Xuelin Cao , Kai Xiong , Chau Yuen , Yong Liang Guan , Supeng Leng , Lijun Qian , Zhu Han

Federated Deep Learning (FDL) is helping to realize distributed machine learning in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). However, FDL's global model needs multiple clients to upload learning model parameters, thus still existing unavoidable…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-10 Zhe Wang , Xinhang Li , Tianhao Wu , Chen Xu , Lin Zhang

Predicting future trajectories of surrounding traffic agents is critical for safe autonomous navigation and collision avoidance. Despite all advances in the trajectory forecasting realm, the prediction models remains vulnerable to…

The integration of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) into autonomous driving systems has shown promise in addressing key challenges such as learning complexity, interpretability, and common-sense reasoning. However, existing approaches often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xuesong Chen , Linjiang Huang , Tao Ma , Rongyao Fang , Shaoshuai Shi , Hongsheng Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but incur high communication overhead and privacy risks in cloud deployments, while facing compute and memory constraints…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Junfei Zhan , Haoxun Shen , Zheng Lin , Tengjiao He

Current state-of-the-art autonomous vehicles could face safety-critical situations when their local sensors are occluded by large nearby objects on the road. Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) cooperative autonomous driving has been proposed as a…

End-to-end autonomous driving, which directly maps raw sensor inputs to low-level vehicle controls, is an important part of Embodied AI. Despite successes in applying Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for high-level traffic scene…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Rui Zhao , Qirui Yuan , Jinyu Li , Haofeng Hu , Yun Li , Chengyuan Zheng , Fei Gao

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming society, powering applications from smartphone assistants to autonomous driving. Yet cloud-based LLM services alone cannot serve a growing class of applications, including those operating under…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Liangqi Yuan , Wenzhi Fang , Shiqiang Wang , H. Vincent Poor , Christopher G. Brinton

Autonomous driving systems remain brittle in rare, ambiguous, and out-of-distribution scenarios, where human driver succeed through contextual reasoning. Shared autonomy has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate such failures by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Phat Nguyen , Erfan Aasi , Shiva Sreeram , Guy Rosman , Andrew Silva , Sertac Karaman , Daniela Rus