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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in cross-modal understanding and generation, yet their deployment is threatened by critical safety vulnerabilities. While prior works have demonstrated the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Kun Wang , Cheng Qian , Miao Yu , Lilan Peng , Liang Lin , Jiaming Zhang , Tianyu Zhang , Yu Cheng , Yang Wang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled a wide range of advanced vision-language applications, including fine-grained object recognition and contextual understanding. When querying specific regions or objects in an image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Mingjie Xu , Jinpeng Chen , Yuzhi Zhao , Jason Chun Lok Li , Yue Qiu , Zekang Du , Mengyang Wu , Pingping Zhang , Kun Li , Hongzheng Yang , Wenao Ma , Jiaheng Wei , Qinbin Li , Kangcheng Liu , Wenqiang Lei

Model merging has emerged as a lightweight paradigm for enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs), yet its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this work, we analyze late-stage pre-training trajectories and uncover a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Wenjie Zhou , Bohan Wang , Hongtao Zhang , Chenxi Jia , Wei Chen , Xueqi Cheng

Recent progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has highlighted the critical roles of both the visual backbone and the underlying language model. While prior work has primarily focused on scaling these components to billions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Federico Cocchi , Nicholas Moratelli , Davide Caffagni , Sara Sarto , Lorenzo Baraldi , Marcella Cornia , Rita Cucchiara

Multilingual pre-trained models exhibit zero-shot cross-lingual transfer, where a model fine-tuned on a source language achieves surprisingly good performance on a target language. While studies have attempted to understand transfer, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Henry Tang , Ameet Deshpande , Karthik Narasimhan

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), initiated with a trained LLM, first align images with text and then fine-tune on multimodal mixed inputs. However, the MLLM catastrophically forgets the text-only instructions, which do not include…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Yi-Kai Zhang , Shiyin Lu , Yang Li , Yanqing Ma , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , De-Chuan Zhan , Han-Jia Ye

Large-scale pretrained foundation models have been an emerging paradigm for building artificial intelligence (AI) systems, which can be quickly adapted to a wide range of downstream tasks. This paper presents mPLUG, a new vision-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Chenliang Li , Haiyang Xu , Junfeng Tian , Wei Wang , Ming Yan , Bin Bi , Jiabo Ye , Hehong Chen , Guohai Xu , Zheng Cao , Ji Zhang , Songfang Huang , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou , Luo Si

The ability to accurately interpret complex visual information is a crucial topic of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). Recent work indicates that enhanced visual perception significantly reduces hallucinations and improves…

Current pre-trained vison-language models (PVLMs) achieve excellent performance on a range of multi-modal datasets. Recent work has aimed at building multilingual models, and a range of novel multilingual multi-modal datasets have been…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Hanxu Hu , Frank Keller

Driven by large-scale contrastive vision-language pre-trained models such as CLIP, recent advancements in the image-text matching task have achieved remarkable success in representation learning. Due to image-level visual-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Mengxiao Tian , Xinxiao Wu , Shuo Yang

Cross-lingual cross-modal retrieval has garnered increasing attention recently, which aims to achieve the alignment between vision and target language (V-T) without using any annotated V-T data pairs. Current methods employ machine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Yabing Wang , Fan Wang , Jianfeng Dong , Hao Luo

Latent representation alignment has become a foundational technique for constructing multimodal large language models (MLLM) by mapping embeddings from different modalities into a shared space, often aligned with the embedding space of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Dong Shu , Bingbing Duan , Kai Guo , Kaixiong Zhou , Jiliang Tang , Mengnan Du

We propose a simple method to align multilingual contextual embeddings as a post-pretraining step for improved zero-shot cross-lingual transferability of the pretrained models. Using parallel data, our method aligns embeddings on the word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Lin Pan , Chung-Wei Hang , Haode Qi , Abhishek Shah , Saloni Potdar , Mo Yu

Large language models have been adopted in the medical domain for clinical documentation to reduce clinician burden. However, studies have reported that LLMs often "forget" a significant amount of instruction-following ability when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Mengxian Lyu , Cheng Peng , Ziyi Chen , Mengyuan Zhang , Jieting Li Lu , Yonghui Wu

We propose to pre-train a unified language model for both autoencoding and partially autoregressive language modeling tasks using a novel training procedure, referred to as a pseudo-masked language model (PMLM). Given an input text with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Hangbo Bao , Li Dong , Furu Wei , Wenhui Wang , Nan Yang , Xiaodong Liu , Yu Wang , Songhao Piao , Jianfeng Gao , Ming Zhou , Hsiao-Wuen Hon

Model merging provides a scalable alternative to multi-task training by combining specialized finetuned models through parameter arithmetic, enabling efficient deployment without the need for joint training or access to all task data. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yifei He , Siqi Zeng , Yuzheng Hu , Rui Yang , Tong Zhang , Han Zhao

While Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate promising multilingual capabilities, their evaluation is currently hindered by two critical limitations: (1) the use of non-parallel corpora, which conflates inherent language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Junyuan Gao , Jiahe Song , Jiang Wu , Runchuan Zhu , Guanlin Shen , Shasha Wang , Xingjian Wei , Haote Yang , Songyang Zhang , Weijia Li , Bin Wang , Dahua Lin , Lijun Wu , Conghui He

Adapting general-purpose language models to new skills is currently an expensive process that must be repeated as new instruction datasets targeting new skills are created, or can cause the models to forget older skills. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Jacob Morrison , Noah A. Smith , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Pang Wei Koh , Jesse Dodge , Pradeep Dasigi

Continual Learning (CL) aims to enable models to continuously acquire new knowledge from a sequence of tasks with avoiding the forgetting of learned information. However, existing CL methods only rely on the parameters of the most recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Haomiao Qiu , Miao Zhang , Ziyue Qiao , Liqiang Nie

Prompt-based learning has been demonstrated as a compelling paradigm contributing to large language models' tremendous success (LLMs). Inspired by their success in language tasks, existing research has leveraged LLMs in embodied instruction…