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Gravitational wave (GW) signals from compact binary coalescences can be used as standard sirens to constrain cosmological parameters if their redshift can be measured independently. However, mergers of stellar binary black holes (BBHs) may…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-01 Ju Chen , Changshuo Yan , Youjun Lu , Yuetong Zhao , Junqiang Ge

We study the prospects of the Lunar Gravitational-Wave Antenna (LGWA), a proposed deci-Hz GW detector, to observe binary black holes (BBHs) and enable multiband science with ground-based detectors. We assess the detectability of the events…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-07 Francesco Iacovelli , Jacopo Tissino , Jan Harms , Emanuele Berti

We present a test of the statistical method introduced by Bernard F. Shutz in 1986 using only gravitational waves to infer the Hubble constant ($\text{H}_0$) from GW190814, the first high-probability neutron-star--black-hole (NS-BH) merger…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Sergiy Vasylyev , Alex Filippenko

Gravitational wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) observations of neutron-star-black-hole (NSBH) mergers can provide precise local measurements of the Hubble constant ($H_0$), ideal for resolving the current $H_0$ tension. We perform…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-30 Stephen M. Feeney , Hiranya V. Peiris , Samaya M. Nissanke , Daniel J. Mortlock

Supermassive black hole binary systems (SMBHBs) should be the most powerful sources of gravitational waves (GWs) in the Universe. Once Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) detect the stochastic GW background from their cosmic merger history,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-06-26 Nicole M. Khusid , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Priyamvada Natarajan , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Anna Barnacka

Despite decades of research, the existence of asteroid-mass primordial black holes (PBHs) remains almost completely unconstrained and thus could still comprise the totality of dark matter (DM). In this paper, we show that standard searches…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-21 Andrew L. Miller

The direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration has opened a new window with which to measure cosmological parameters such as the Hubble constant $H_0$, and also probe general relativity on large scales. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-14 S. Mastrogiovanni , D. Steer , M. Barsuglia

Multiple pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations have recently reported the first detection of gravitational waves (GWs) of nanohertz frequencies. The signal is expected to be primarily sourced by inspiralling supermassive black hole…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-13 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Matias Zaldarriaga , Eliot Quataert

The recent detection of gravitational waves (GWs) by pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations spurred a variety of questions regarding the origin of the signal and the properties of its sources. The amplitude of a GW background produced by…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-26 Gabriela Sato-Polito , Matias Zaldarriaga

The space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) detectors will open a new mass and redshift regime, allowing us to observe massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) throughout the Universe. A subset of these systems is expected to produce electromagnetic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-28 Xue-Ting Zhang , Jonathan Gair , Chris Messenger , Natalia Korsakova , Yi-Ming Hu , Hong-Yu Chen

The Hubble constant ($H_0$) measures the current expansion rate of the Universe, and plays a fundamental role in cosmology. Tremendous effort has been dedicated over the past decades to measure $H_0$. Notably, Planck cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-02 Kenta Hotokezaka , Ehud Nakar , Ore Gottlieb , Samaya Nissanke , Kento Masuda , Gregg Hallinan , Kunal P. Mooley , Adam. T. Deller

We perform a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis of a simple yet generic multifield inflation model characterized by two scalar fields coupled to each other and nonminimally coupled to gravity, fit to Planck 2018 cosmic microwave…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-04 Wenzer Qin , Sarah R. Geller , Shyam Balaji , Evan McDonough , David I. Kaiser

The possibility that primordial black holes (PBHs) represent all of the dark matter (DM) in the Universe and explain the coalescences of binary black holes detected by LIGO/Virgo has attracted a lot of attention. PBHs are generated by the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-28 Chen Yuan , Zu-Cheng Chen , Qing-Guo Huang

The joint observation of the gravitational-wave and electromagnetic signal from the binary neutron-star merger GW170817 allowed for a new independent measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$, albeit with an uncertainty of about 15\% at…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-05-11 Juan Calderón Bustillo , Samson H. W. Leong , Tim Dietrich , Paul D. Lasky

The detection of primordial black holes (PBHs) would mark a major breakthrough, with far-reaching implications for early universe cosmology, fundamental physics, and the nature of dark matter. Gravitational wave observations have recently…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-20 Andrea Begnoni , Stefano Profumo

Several pulsar timing array (PTA) experiments such as NANOGrav and PPTA recently reported evidence of a gravitational wave (GW) background at nano-Hz frequency band. This signal can originate from scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGW)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-04-04 Junsong Cang , Yu Gao , Yiming Liu , Sichun Sun

We investigate the prospects of detecting a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background from the primordial black hole (PBH) reheating epoch. If PBHs form during a non-standard cosmological phase prior to the radiation-dominated era, they…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-03 Debarun Paul , Md Riajul Haque , Supratik Pal

Gravitational waves provide a novel and independent measurement of cosmological parameters, offering a promising avenue to address the Hubble tension alongside traditional electromagnetic observations. In the absence of electromagnetic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-02 Tom Bertheas , Vasco Gennari , Nicola Tamanini

Gravitational-wave (GW) dark sirens provide an independent probe of the cosmic expansion history. Their cosmological constraining power, however, depends critically on precise luminosity-distance measurements and sky localizations for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-16 Ji-Yu Song , Yue-Yan Dong , Shang-Jie Jin , Si-Ren Xiao , Jing-Fei Zhang , Xin Zhang

There may exist stellar-mass binary black holes (BBH) which merge while orbiting nearby a supermassive black hole (SMBH). In such a triple system, the SMBH will modulate the gravitational waveform of the BBH through orbital Doppler shift…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-26 Andrew Laeuger , Brian Seymour , Yanbei Chen , Hang Yu