Related papers: What are the functions of primary visual cortex (V…

Progress in vision research has been slower downstream than upstream of primary visual cortex (V1). Traditional frameworks have largely overlooked a central constraint: only a tiny fraction of retinal input is recognized. Thus, to a first…

Our brain recognizes only a tiny fraction of sensory input, due to an information processing bottleneck. This blinds us to most visual inputs. Since we are blind to this blindness, only a recent framework highlights this bottleneck by…

Previous studies suggested that lateral interactions of V1 cells are responsible, among other visual effects, of bottom-up visual attention (alternatively named visual salience or saliency). Our objective is to mimic these connections with…

Primary visual cortex (V1) is the first stage of cortical image processing, and a major effort in systems neuroscience is devoted to understanding how it encodes information about visual stimuli. Within V1, many neurons respond selectively…

Neural activity in the visual cortex of blind humans persists in the absence of visual stimuli. However, little is known about the preservation of visual representation capacity in these cortical regions, which could have significant…

It has been hypothesized that neural activities in the primary visual cortex (V1) represent a saliency map of the visual field to exogenously guide attention. This hypothesis has so far provided only qualitative predictions and their…

Classical models describe primary visual cortex (V1) as a filter bank of orientation-selective linear-nonlinear (LN) or energy models, but these models fail to predict neural responses to natural stimuli accurately. Recent work shows that…

Recognition and reasoning are two pillars of visual understanding. However, these tasks have an imbalance in focus; whereas recent advances in neural networks have shown strong empirical performance in visual recognition, there has been…

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have recently emerged as promising models of the ventral visual stream, despite their lack of biological specificity. While current state-of-the-art models of the primary visual cortex (V1) have surfaced…

The operational characteristics of a linear neural network image processing system based on the brain's vision system are investigated. The final stage of the network consists of edge detectors of various orienations arranged in a feature…

Here we test our conceptual understanding of V1 function by asking two experimental questions: 1) How do neurons respond to the spatiotemporal structure contained in dynamic, natural scenes? and 2) What is the true range of visual…

The human visual system has a hierarchical structure consisting of layers of processing, such as the retina, V1, V2, etc. Understanding the functional roles of these visual processing layers would help to integrate the psychophysiological…

The brain processes visual inputs having structure over a large range of spatial scales. The precise mechanisms or algorithms used by the brain to achieve this feat are largely unknown and an open problem in visual neuroscience. In…

Understanding how the visual cortex of the human brain really works is still an open problem for science today. A better understanding of natural intelligence could also benefit object-recognition algorithms based on convolutional neural…

Large-scale functional networks have been extensively studied using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. However, the pattern, organization, and function of fine-scale network activity remain largely unknown. Here we…

A convolution model which accounts for neural activity dynamics in the primary visual cortex is derived and used to detect visually salient contours in images. Image inputs to the model are modulated by long-range horizontal connections,…

The visual system is hierarchically organized to process visual information in successive stages. Neural representations vary drastically across the first stages of visual processing: at the output of the retina, ganglion cell receptive…

When thinking with images, humans rarely rely on a single glance: they revisit visual evidence while reasoning. In contrast, most Multimodal Language Models encode an image once to key-value cache and then reason purely in text, making it…

Lateral connections in the primary visual cortex (V1) have long been hypothesized to be responsible of several visual processing mechanisms such as brightness induction, chromatic induction, visual discomfort and bottom-up visual attention…

A linear neural network is proposed for mamalian vision system in which backward connections from the primary visual cortex (V1) to the lateral geniculate nucleus play a key role. The backward connections control the flow of information…