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Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate remarkable potential for generalizable robotic manipulation. The performance of VLA models can be improved by integrating with action chunking, a critical technique for effective control.…

Robotic manipulation is a fundamental component of automation. However, traditional perception-planning pipelines often fall short in open-ended tasks due to limited flexibility, while the architecture of a single end-to-end…

Large Language Models are increasingly used in robotics for task planning, but their reliance on textual inputs limits their adaptability to real-world changes and failures. To address these challenges, we propose LERa - Look, Explain,…

In this work, we present CollabVLA, a self-reflective vision-language-action framework that transforms a standard visuomotor policy into a collaborative assistant. CollabVLA tackles key limitations of prior VLAs, including domain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Nan Sun , Yongchang Li , Chenxu Wang , Huiying Li , Huaping Liu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown strong performance on embodied manipulation, yet they remain brittle under visual observation changes, paraphrased language instructions, and compounded perturbations. This limitation suggests…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jingzhou Luo , Yifan Wen , Yongjie Bai , Xinshuai Song , Yang Liu , Liang Lin

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models mark a transformative advancement in artificial intelligence, aiming to unify perception, natural language understanding, and embodied action within a single computational framework. This foundational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ranjan Sapkota , Yang Cao , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for general-purpose robot control through natural language instructions. However, their high inference cost-stemming from large-scale token computation and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xudong Tan , Yaoxin Yang , Peng Ye , Jialin Zheng , Bizhe Bai , Xinyi Wang , Jia Hao , Tao Chen

The rapid integration of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) into critical applications is increasingly hindered by persistent safety vulnerabilities. However, existing red-teaming benchmarks are often fragmented, limited to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Xin Wang , Yunhao Chen , Juncheng Li , Yixu Wang , Yang Yao , Tianle Gu , Jie Li , Yan Teng , Yingchun Wang , Xia Hu

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been successfully applied to a variety of robotics applications, where it outperforms classical methods. However, the safety aspect of RL and the transfer to the real world remain an open challenge. A…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Murad Dawood , Ahmed Shokry , Maren Bennewitz

Recent advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have opened new avenues for robot manipulation, yet existing methods exhibit limited efficiency and a lack of high-level knowledge and spatial awareness. To address these challenges, we…

Vision-Language-Action models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in predicting agent movements within virtual environments and real-world scenarios based on visual observations and textual instructions. Although recent research has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Maxim A. Patratskiy , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

Science demonstrations are important for effective STEM education, yet teachers face challenges in conducting them safely and consistently across multiple occasions, where robotics can be helpful. However, current Vision-Language-Action…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are emerging as a next-generation paradigm for robotics. We introduce dVLA, a diffusion-based VLA that leverages a multimodal chain-of-thought to unify visual perception, language reasoning, and robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Junjie Wen , Minjie Zhu , Jiaming Liu , Zhiyuan Liu , Yicun Yang , Linfeng Zhang , Shanghang Zhang , Yichen Zhu , Yi Xu

RaceVLA presents an innovative approach for autonomous racing drone navigation by leveraging Visual-Language-Action (VLA) to emulate human-like behavior. This research explores the integration of advanced algorithms that enable drones to…

Recently, driven by advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), Vision Language Action Models (VLAMs) are being proposed to achieve better performance in open-vocabulary scenarios for robotic manipulation tasks. Since…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Hao Cheng , Erjia Xiao , Yichi Wang , Chengyuan Yu , Mengshu Sun , Qiang Zhang , Jiahang Cao , Yijie Guo , Ning Liu , Kaidi Xu , Jize Zhang , Chao Shen , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu , Renjing Xu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models map multimodal inputs directly to robot actions and are typically trained through large-scale imitation learning. While this paradigm has shown strong performance, prevailing VLA training procedures do…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yubai Wei , Chen Wu , Hashem Haghbayan

Despite progress, Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs) are limited by a scarcity of large-scale, diverse robot data. While human manipulation videos offer a rich alternative, existing methods are forced to choose between small,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Hao Luo , Ye Wang , Wanpeng Zhang , Haoqi Yuan , Yicheng Feng , Haiweng Xu , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

When building Large Language Models (LLMs), it is paramount to bear safety in mind and protect them with guardrails. Indeed, LLMs should never generate content promoting or normalizing harmful, illegal, or unethical behavior that may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Simone Tedeschi , Felix Friedrich , Patrick Schramowski , Kristian Kersting , Roberto Navigli , Huu Nguyen , Bo Li

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models improve action generation by conditioning policies on rich vision-language information. However, current auto-regressive policies are constrained by three bottlenecks: (1) architectural bias drives models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yichi Zhang , Weihao Yuan , Yizhuo Zhang , Xidong Zhang , Jia Wan

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable achievements, driven by the rich implicit knowledge of their vision-language components. However, achieving generalist robotic agents demands precise grounding into physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Jialei Huang , Shuo Wang , Fanqi Lin , Yihang Hu , Chuan Wen , Yang Gao