Related papers: Thermal background reduction for mid-infrared imag…
Ground-based thermal-infrared observations have a unique scientific potential, but are also extremely challenging due to the need to accurately subtract the high thermal background. Since the established techniques of chopping and nodding…
Ground-based astronomical observations at thermal infrared wavelengths face the problem of extracting the weak astronomical signal from the large and rapidly variable background flux. The observing strategy most commonly used, the so-called…
Due to the large size and mass of the secondary mirror on next generation extremely large telescopes it will not be possible to provide classical chopping and nodding as is used during mid-IR observations today. As a solution to this we…
Estimating the true background in an astronomical image is fundamental to detecting faint sources. In a typical low-photon count astronomical image, such as in the far and near-ultraviolet wavelength range, conventional methods relying on…
Ground-based observations at thermal infrared wavelengths suffer from large background radiation due to the sky, telescope and warm surfaces in the instrument. This significantly limits the sensitivity of ground-based observations at…
Mid-infrared photothermal (MIP) microscopy has been a promising label-free chemical imaging technique for functional characterization of specimens owing to its enhanced spatial resolution and high specificity. Recently developed wide-field…
Chopping observations with a tip-tilt secondary mirror have conventionally been used in ground-based mid-infrared observations. However, it is not practical for next generation large telescopes to have a large tip-tilt mirror that moves at…
To create high-fidelity cosmic microwave background maps, current component separation methods rely on availability of information on different foreground components, usually through multi-band frequency coverage of the instrument. Internal…
The cosmic infrared background (CIRB) consists mainly of the integrated light of distant galaxies. In the far-infrared the current estimates of its surface brightness are based on the measurements of the COBE satellite. Independent…
Direct photometric measurements of the cosmic optical background (COB) provide an important point of comparison to both other measurement methodologies and models of cosmic structure formation, and permit a cosmic consistency test with the…
A near-infrared (NIR) measurement based on digital orthogonal vector lock-in amplifier (LIA) is present in this paper. NIR sky background radiation is very weak. To detect the signals obscured by noise, the best way achieved is to use a…
In this paper, we present a novel approach to the estimation of strongly varying backgrounds in astronomical images by means of small objects removal and subsequent missing pixels interpolation. The method is based on the analysis of a…
A noise-based non-parametric technique for detecting nebulous objects, for example, irregular or clumpy galaxies, and their structure in noise is introduced. "Noise-based" and "non-parametric" imply that this technique imposes negligible…
Ground-based thermal infrared observations face substantial challenges in correcting the predominant background emitted as thermal radiation from the atmosphere and the telescope itself. With the upcoming 40\,m class ELTs, unprecedented…
In ground based infrared imaging a well-known technique to reduce the influence of thermal and background noise is chopping and nodding, where four different signals of the same object are recorded from which the object is reconstructed…
The 21 cm radiation of neutral hydrogen provides crucial information for studying the early universe and its evolution. To advance this research, countries have made significant investments in constructing large low-frequency radio…
Giant exoplanets on 10-100 au orbits have been directly imaged around young stars. The peak of the thermal emission from these warm young planets is in the near-infrared (~1-5 microns), whereas mature, temperate exoplanets (i.e., those…
High-contrast imaging from space must overcome two major noise sources to successfully detect a terrestrial planet angularly close to its parent star: photon noise from diffracted star light, and speckle noise from star light scattered by…
Ground-based mid-infrared (MIR) astronomical observations require the removal of the fast time variable components of (a) sky/background variation and (b) array background. Typically, this has been achieved through oscillating the…
The Internal Linear Combination (ILC) method is commonly employed to extract the cosmic microwave background (CMB) signal from multi-frequency observation maps. However, the performance of the ILC method tends to degrade when the…