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Low bit-width Quantized Neural Networks (QNNs) enable deployment of complex machine learning models on constrained devices such as microcontrollers (MCUs) by reducing their memory footprint. Fine-grained asymmetric quantization (i.e.,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Gianmarco Ottavi , Angelo Garofalo , Giuseppe Tagliavini , Francesco Conti , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

The ever-increasing complexity and operational diversity of modern Neural Networks (NNs) have caused the need for low-power and, at the same time, high-performance edge devices for AI applications. Coarse Grained Reconfigurable…

With the increase in the computation intensity of the chip, the mismatch between computation layer shapes and the available computation resource significantly limits the utilization of the chip. Driven by this observation, prior works…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Jinming Zhuang , Zhuoping Yang , Shixin Ji , Heng Huang , Alex K. Jones , Jingtong Hu , Yiyu Shi , Peipei Zhou

In this paper we present Arrow, a configurable hardware accelerator architecture that implements a subset of the RISC-V v0.9 vector ISA extension aimed at edge machine learning inference. Our experimental results show that an Arrow…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Imad Al Assir , Mohamad El Iskandarani , Hadi Rayan Al Sandid , Mazen A. R. Saghir

With the increasing interest in neuromorphic computing, designers of embedded systems face the challenge of efficiently simulating such platforms to enable architecture design exploration early in the development cycle. Executing artificial…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Melvin Galicia , Farhad Merchant , Rainer Leupers

A current trend in HPC systems is the utilization of architectures with SIMD or vector extensions to exploit data parallelism. There are several ways to take advantage of such modern vector architectures, each with a different impact on the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Marc Blancafort , Roger Ferrer , Guillaume Houzeaux , Marta Garcia-Gasulla , Filippo Mantovani

Interprocedural analysis is at the heart of numerous applications in programming languages, such as alias analysis, constant propagation, etc. Recursive state machines (RSMs) are standard models for interprocedural analysis. We consider a…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2014-11-27 Krishnendu Chatterjee , Rasmus Ibsen-Jensen , Andreas Pavlogiannis , Prateesh Goyal

Modern general-purpose accelerators integrate a large number of programmable area- and energy-efficient processing elements (PEs), to deliver high performance while meeting stringent power delivery and thermal dissipation constraints. In…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Luca Colagrande , Jayanth Jonnalagadda , Luca Benini

Reconfigurable computing offers a good balance between flexibility and energy efficiency. When combined with software-programmable devices such as CPUs, it is possible to obtain higher performance by spatially distributing the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Daniel Vazquez , Jose Miranda , Alfonso Rodriguez , Andres Otero , Pascuale Davide Schiavone , David Atienza

Application performance of modern day processors is often limited by the memory subsystem rather than actual compute capabilities. Therefore, data throughput specifications play a key role in modeling application performance and determining…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Cyrill Burth , Markus Velten , Robert Schöne

Autoregressive (AR) models, the theoretical performance benchmark for learned lossless image compression, are often dismissed as impractical due to prohibitive computational cost. This work re-thinks this paradigm, introducing a framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Daxin Li , Yuanchao Bai , Kai Wang , Wenbo Zhao , Junjun Jiang , Xianming Liu

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a widely adopted cryptographic algorithm essential for securing embedded systems and IoT platforms. However, existing AES hardware accelerators often face limitations in performance, energy…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Van Tinh Nguyen , Phuc Hung Pham , Vu Trung Duong Le , Hoai Luan Pham , Tuan Hai Vu , Thi Diem Tran

The demand for computation resources and energy efficiency of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) applications requires a new paradigm to overcome the "Memory Wall". Analog In-Memory Computing (AIMC) is a promising paradigm since it…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Nazareno Bruschi , Giuseppe Tagliavini , Angelo Garofalo , Francesco Conti , Irem Boybat , Luca Benini , Davide Rossi

Edge AI deployment faces critical challenges balancing computational performance, energy efficiency, and resource constraints. This paper presents FPGA-accelerated RISC-V instruction set architecture (ISA) extensions for efficient neural…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Arya Parameshwara , Santosh Hanamappa Mokashi

Neural Networks (NNs) have been widely adopted due to their outstanding efficacy and adaptability across computer vision and deep learning applications. The optimization of NNs is necessary to enable their deployment on energy constrained…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Pragun Jaswal , L. Hemanth Krishna , B. Srinivasu

With storage and computation happening at the same place, computing in resistive crossbars minimizes data movement and avoids the memory bottleneck issue. It leads to ultra-high energy efficiency for data-intensive applications. However,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Fan Zhang , Miao Hu

RISC-V provides a flexible and scalable platform for applications ranging from embedded devices to high-performance computing clusters. Particularly, its RISC-V Vector Extension (RVV) becomes of interest for the acceleration of AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Federico Nicolas Peccia , Frederik Haxel , Oliver Bringmann

All-pairs shortest paths (APSP) remains a major bottleneck for large-scale graph analytics, as data movement with cubic complexity overwhelms the bandwidth of conventional memory hierarchies. In this work, we propose RAPID-Graph to address…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Yanru Chen , Zheyu Li , Keming Fan , Runyang Tian , John Hsu , Weihong Xu , Minxuan Zhou , Tajana Rosing

The emerging trend of deploying complex algorithms, such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), increasingly poses strict memory and energy efficiency requirements on Internet-of-Things (IoT) end-nodes. Mixed-precision quantization has been…

Covert channels enable information leakage across security boundaries of the operating system. Microarchitectural covert channels exploit changes in execution timing resulting from competing access to limited hardware resources. We use the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Nils Wistoff , Moritz Schneider , Frank K. Gürkaynak , Luca Benini , Gernot Heiser