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Fluid antenna systems (FASs) offer substantial spatial diversity by exploiting the electromagnetic port correlation within compact array spaces, thereby generating favorable small-scale fading conditions with beneficial channel gain…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Haoyu Liang , Zhentian Zhang , Jian Dang , Hao Jiang , Zaichen Zhang

A novel scalable pixel-based reconfigurable beamforming network (PRBFN) that can be used to form a Fluid Antenna System (FAS), referred to as a PRBFN-FAS, is introduced. The concept of FAS has emerged as an attractive new technology for use…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Jichen Zhang , Junhui Rao , Tianqu Kang , Zhaoyang Ming , Yijun Chen , Alikhan Umirbayev , Chi-Yuk Chiu , Ross Murch

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted communication appears as one of the potential enablers for sixth generation (6G) wireless networks by providing a new way to optimize the communication system performance. This paper aims to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-01 E. Basar , I. Yildirim

Conventional antenna arrays rely primarily on digital beamforming for spatial control. While adding more elements can narrow beamwidth and suppress interference, such scaling incurs prohibitive hardware and power costs. Rotatable antennas…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-29 Xingxiang Peng , Qingqing Wu , Ziyuan Zheng , Wen Chen , Yanze Zhu , Ying Gao

With the development of the upcoming sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks, there is a pressing need for innovative technologies capable of satisfying heightened performance indicators. Fluid antenna system (FAS) is proposed recently as a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-12 Yuqi Ye , Li You , Hao Xu , Ahmed Elzanaty , Kai-Kit Wong , Xiqi Gao

Modern wireless systems are envisioned to employ antenna architectures that not only transmit and receive electromagnetic (EM) waves, but also intentionally reflect and possibly transform incident EM waves. In this paper, we propose a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Torben Kölle , Alexander Stutz-Tirri , Christoph Studer

Reconfigurable antennas (RAs) are a promising technology to enhance the capacity and coverage of wireless communication systems. However, RA systems have two major challenges: (i) High computational complexity of mode selection, and (ii)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Fariba Armandoust , Ehsan Tohidi , Martin Kasparick , Li Wang , Ahmet Hasim Gokceoglu , Slawomir Stanczak

Reconfigurable antennas (RAs) and movable antennas (MAs) have been recognized as promising technologies to enhance the performance of wireless communication and sensing systems by introducing additional degrees of freedom (DoFs) in tuning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-23 Wenyan Ma , Lipeng Zhu , Yanhua Tan , Beixiong Zheng , Yujie Zhang , Yuchen Zhang , Keke Ying , Zhen Gao , He Sun , Xiaodan Shao , Zhenyu Xiao , Dusit Niyato , Rui Zhang

The concept of reconfigurable fluid antennas (FA) is a potential and promising solution to enhance the spectral efficiency of wireless communication networks. Despite their many advantages, FA-enabled communications have limitations as they…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Christodoulos Skouroumounis , Ioannis Krikidis

The future 6G of wireless communication networks will have to meet multiple requirements in increasingly demanding levels, either individually or in combinations in small groups. This trend has spurred recent research activities on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-22 George C. Alexandropoulos , Geoffroy Lerosey , Merouane Debbah , Mathias Fink

Rotatable antenna (RA) is an emerging technology that has great potential to exploit additional spatial degrees of freedom (DoFs) by flexibly altering the three-dimensional (3D) orientation/boresight of each antenna. In this demonstration,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-25 Liang Dai , Beixiong Zheng , Yanhua Tan , Lipeng Zhu , Fangjiong Chen , Rui Zhang

Future wireless networks require the ability to actively adjust the wireless environment to meet strict performance indicators. Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) technology is gaining attention for its advantages of low power…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-28 De-Ming Chian , Chao-Kai Wen , Chi-Hung Wu , Fu-Kang Wang , Kai-Kit Wong

Non-fixed flexible antenna architectures, such as fluid antenna system (FAS), movable antenna (MA), and pinching antenna, have garnered significant interest in recent years. In this paper, we propose a new rotatable antenna (RA) model to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Beixiong Zheng , Qingjie Wu , Tiantian Ma , Rui Zhang

Extremely large-scale antenna arrays (ELAAs) have emerged as a pivotal technology for addressing the unprecedented performance demands of next-generation wireless communication systems. To enhance their practicality, we propose…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Zhengyu Wang , Tiebin Mi , Gui Zhou , Robert C. Qiu

Movable antenna (MA) has emerged as a promising technology for future wireless systems. Compared with traditional fixed-position antennas, MA improves system performance by antenna movement to optimize channel conditions. For multiuser…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Kaijun Feng , Ziwei Wan , Anwen Liao , Wenyan Ma , Lipeng Zhu , Zhenyu Xiao , Zhen Gao , Rui Zhang

The evolution of wireless networks is driving new paradigms for consideration in upcoming generations. To this end, the 6G anticipates the development of several data-rate-hungry applications, in addition to a forecast growth in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Elmehdi Illi , Marwa Qaraqe

As 6G research advances, the growing demand leads to the emergence of novel technologies such as integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), new antenna arrays like extremely large MIMO (XL-MIMO) and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-16 Huiwen Gong , Jianhua Zhang , Yuxiang Zhang , Guangyi Liu

Spatially structured beams have emerged as a promising technology for enhancing spectrum efficiency (SE) in sixth-generation (6G) networks. However, structured beam schemes based on fixed-position antennas (FPAs) fail to fully exploit the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-10 Hongyun Jin , Wenchi Cheng , Jingqing Wang

The existing phase shifter models adopted for reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have ignored the electromagnetic (EM) waves propagation behavior, thus cannot reveal practical effects of RIS on wireless communication systems. Based…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-09 Weicong Chen , Lin Bai , Wankai Tang , Shi Jin , Wei Xiang Jiang , Tie Jun Cui

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is an emerging technique employing metasurface to reflect the signal from the source node to the destination node. By smartly reconfiguring the electromagnetic (EM) properties of the metasurface and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Qi Gu , Dan Wu , Xin Su , Hanning Wang , Jingyuan Cui , Yifei Yuan