Related papers: Quantifying Interface Procedure Coupling Risks in …
Complex systems are not entirely decomposable, hence interdependences arise at the interfaces in complex projects. When changes occur, significant risks arise at these interfaces as it is hard to identify, manage and visualise the systemic…
Ion-trap quantum computers offer a large number of possible qubit couplings, each of which requires individual calibration and can be misconfigured. To enhance the duty cycle of an ion trap, we develop a strategy that diagnoses individual…
Quantitative aspects of computation are related to the use of both physical and mathematical quantities, including time, performance metrics, probability, and measures for reliability and security. They are essential in characterizing the…
Although discourse around the risks of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has grown, it often lacks a comprehensive, multidimensional framework, and concrete causal pathways mapping hazard to harm. This paper aims to bridge this gap by examining…
Quality-sensitive applications of machine learning (ML) require quality assurance (QA) by humans before the predictions of an ML model can be deployed. QA for ML (QA4ML) interfaces require users to view a large amount of data and perform…
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) integrate physical and embedded systems with information and communication technology systems, monitoring and controlling physical processes with minimal human intervention. The connection to information and…
The optimization of large experiments in fundamental science, such as detectors for subnuclear physics at particle colliders, shares with the optimization of complex systems for industrial or societal applications the common issue of…
Cyberattacks can cause a severe impact on power systems unless detected early. However, accurate and timely detection in critical infrastructure systems presents challenges, e.g., due to zero-day vulnerability exploitations and the…
This study systematically analyzes the vulnerability of 36 large language models (LLMs) to various prompt injection attacks, a technique that leverages carefully crafted prompts to elicit malicious LLM behavior. Across 144 prompt injection…
Traditional human reliability analysis (HRA) methods, such as IDHEAS-ECA, rely on expert judgment and empirical rules that often overlook the cognitive underpinnings of human error. Moreover, conducting human-in-the-loop experiments for…
The application of hybrid composites in lightweight engineering enables the combination of material-specific advantages of fiber-reinforced polymers and classical metals. The interface between the connected materials is of particular…
As new technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) are integrated into Critical National Infrastructures (CNI), new cybersecurity threats emerge that require specific security solutions. Approaches used for analysis include the…
Increasing complexity in the power system and the transformation towards a smart grid lead to the necessity of new tools and methods for the development and testing of new technologies. One testing method is co-simulation, which allows…
We consider the simulation of interacting high-dimensional systems using pairwise interacting qubits. The main tool in this context is the generation of effective many-body interactions, and we examine a number of different protocols for…
The convergence of information and communication technologies has introduced new and advanced capabilities to Industrial Control Systems. However, concurrently, it has heightened their vulnerability to cyber attacks. Consequently, the…
Safety is an important element of dependability. It is defined as the absence of accidents. Most accidents involving software-intensive systems have been system accidents, which are caused by unsafe inter-system or inter-component…
Machine learning applications frequently come with multiple diverse objectives and constraints that can change over time. Accordingly, trained models can be tuned with sets of hyper-parameters that affect their predictive behavior (e.g.,…
The convergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0 has significantly enhanced data-driven methodologies within the nuclear industry, notably enhancing safety and economic efficiency. This advancement challenges the precise…
Modern software systems are increasingly developed within rapid continuous integration and deployment (CI/CD) pipelines, where ensuring security prior to release presents significant technical and organizational challenges. Traditional…
We study the interface representation of the contact process (CP) at its directed-percolation critical point, where the scaling properties of the interface can be related to those of the original particle model. Interestingly, such a…