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Most artificial intelligence models have limiting ability to solve new tasks faster, without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. The recently emerging paradigm of continual learning aims to solve this issue, in which the model learns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-01 Ju Xu , Zhanxing Zhu

The study of mechanistic interpretability aims to reverse-engineer a model to explain its behaviors. While recent studies have focused on the static mechanism of a certain behavior, the learning dynamics inside a model remain to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yueyan Li , Wenhao Gao , Caixia Yuan , Xiaojie Wang

Incremental learning is the ability of systems to acquire knowledge over time, enabling their adaptation and generalization to novel tasks. It is a critical ability for intelligent, real-world systems, especially when data changes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Mladjan Jovanovic , Peter Voss

Continual learning (CL) is designed to learn new tasks while preserving existing knowledge. Replaying samples from earlier tasks has proven to be an effective method to mitigate the forgetting of previously acquired knowledge. However, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Ruiqi Liu , Boyu Diao , Libo Huang , Zijia An , Zhulin An , Yongjun Xu

Continual Learning (CL) methods usually learn from all available data. However, this is not the case in human cognition which efficiently focuses on key experiences while disregarding the redundant information. Similarly, not all data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Elif Ceren Gok Yildirim , Murat Onur Yildirim , Joaquin Vanschoren

In the past, continual learning (CL) was mostly concerned with the problem of catastrophic forgetting in neural networks, that arises when incrementally learning a sequence of tasks. Current CL methods function within the confines of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Shishir Muralidhara , Didier Stricker , René Schuster

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning for continual learning (PEFT-CL) has shown promise in adapting pre-trained models to sequential tasks while mitigating catastrophic forgetting problem. However, understanding the mechanisms that dictate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Jingren Liu , Zhong Ji , YunLong Yu , Jiale Cao , Yanwei Pang , Jungong Han , Xuelong Li

Fine-tuning large pre-trained language models on downstream tasks has become the de-facto learning paradigm in NLP. However, conventional approaches fine-tune all the parameters of the pre-trained model, which becomes prohibitive as the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Junxian He , Chunting Zhou , Xuezhe Ma , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Graham Neubig

Continual Learning (CL) investigates how to train Deep Networks on a stream of tasks without incurring forgetting. CL settings proposed in literature assume that every incoming example is paired with ground-truth annotations. However, this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-30 Matteo Boschini , Pietro Buzzega , Lorenzo Bonicelli , Angelo Porrello , Simone Calderara

Continual learning~(CL) is a field concerned with learning a series of inter-related task with the tasks typically defined in the sense of either regression or classification. In recent years, CL has been studied extensively when these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Krishnan Raghavan , Prasanna Balaprakash

We propose a Bayesian neural network-based continual learning algorithm using Variational Inference, aiming to overcome several drawbacks of existing methods. Specifically, in continual learning scenarios, storing network parameters at each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Sanchar Palit , Biplab Banerjee , Subhasis Chaudhuri

The goal of continual learning (CL) is to efficiently update a machine learning model with new data without forgetting previously-learned knowledge. Most widely-used CL methods rely on a rehearsal memory of data points to be reused while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Lukas Balles , Giovanni Zappella , Cédric Archambeau

Continual instruction tuning(CIT) during the post-training phase is crucial for adapting multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to evolving real-world demands. However, the progress is hampered by the lack of benchmarks with rigorous,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Haiyun Guo , Zhiyan Hou , Yandu Sun , Jinghan He , Yu Chen , Yuzhe Zhou , Yuheng Jia , Jinqiao Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Continual learning is a subfield of machine learning, which aims to allow machine learning models to continuously learn on new data, by accumulating knowledge without forgetting what was learned in the past. In this work, we take a step…

The recent success of large language models (LLMs) trained on static, pre-collected, general datasets has sparked numerous research directions and applications. One such direction addresses the non-trivial challenge of integrating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Haizhou Shi , Zihao Xu , Hengyi Wang , Weiyi Qin , Wenyuan Wang , Yibin Wang , Zifeng Wang , Sayna Ebrahimi , Hao Wang

To adapt to real-world data streams, continual learning (CL) systems must rapidly learn new concepts while preserving and utilizing prior knowledge. When it comes to adding new information to continually-trained deep neural networks (DNNs),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Md Yousuf Harun , Christopher Kanan

Continual learning aims to acquire new tasks while preserving performance on previously learned ones, but most methods struggle with catastrophic forgetting. Existing approaches typically treat all layers uniformly, often trading stability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Hengyi Wu , Zhenyi Wang , Heng Huang

Deep state-space models (DSSMs) have gained popularity in recent years due to their potent modeling capacity for dynamic systems. However, existing DSSM works are limited to single-task modeling, which requires retraining with historical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Yuanhang Zhang , Zhidi Lin , Yiyong Sun , Feng Yin , Carsten Fritsche

Deep neural networks, despite their remarkable success, remain fundamentally limited in their ability to perform Continual Learning (CL). While most current methods aim to enhance the capabilities of a single model, Inspired by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Aojun Lu , Junchao Ke , Chunhui Ding , Jiahao Fan , Jiancheng Lv , Yanan Sun

Continual learning (CL) aims to train deep neural networks efficiently on streaming data while limiting the forgetting caused by new tasks. However, learning transferable knowledge with less interference between tasks is difficult, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Saurav Jha , Dong Gong , He Zhao , Lina Yao
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