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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in multi-agent systems where agents communicate in natural language to solve tasks jointly. A key capability in such systems is consensus formation, where agents iteratively exchange…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xiaolin Sun , Zixuan Liu , Yibin Hu , Zizhan Zheng

Recent progress in LLMs discussion suggests that multi-agent discussion improves the reasoning abilities of LLMs. In this work, we reevaluate this claim through systematic experiments, where we propose a novel group discussion framework to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Qineng Wang , Zihao Wang , Ying Su , Hanghang Tong , Yangqiu Song

Multi-Agent Debate has emerged as a promising framework for improving the reasoning quality of large language models through iterative inter-agent communication. However, broadcasting all agent messages at every round introduces noise and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Manh Nguyen , Anh Nguyen , Dung Nguyen , Svetha Venkatesh , Hung Le

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse NLP tasks. Extensive research has explored how to enhance the logical reasoning abilities such as Chain-of-Thought, Chain-of-Thought with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Tongxuan Liu , Xingyu Wang , Weizhe Huang , Wenjiang Xu , Yuting Zeng , Lei Jiang , Hailong Yang , Jing Li

Large Language Model (LLM) agents are increasingly utilized in AI-aided education to support tutoring and learning. Effective communication strategies among LLM agents improve collaborative problem-solving efficiency and facilitate…

Multi-agent systems (MAS) powered by large language models suffer from severe token inefficiency arising from two compounding sources: (i) unstructured parallel execution, where all agents activate simultaneously irrespective of input…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Mohit Dubey

Popular methods in cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with partially observable environments typically allow agents to act independently during execution, which may limit the coordinated effect of the trained policies. However,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Faizan Contractor , Li Li , Ranwa Al Mallah

With recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), Agentic AI has become phenomenal in real-world applications, moving toward multiple LLM-based agents to perceive, learn, reason, and act collaboratively. These LLM-based Multi-Agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Khanh-Tung Tran , Dung Dao , Minh-Duong Nguyen , Quoc-Viet Pham , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Multi-agent debates have been introduced to improve the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) by having multiple agents discuss solutions to a problem over several rounds of debate. However, models often generate incorrect yet…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Luke Yoffe , Alfonso Amayuelas , William Yang Wang

In the era of (multi-modal) large language models, most operational processes can be reformulated and reproduced using LLM agents. The LLM agents can perceive, control, and get feedback from the environment so as to accomplish the given…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Yingxuan Yang , Qiuying Peng , Jun Wang , Ying Wen , Weinan Zhang

Multi-agent reinforcement learning is a promising research area that extends established reinforcement learning approaches to problems formulated as multi-agent systems. Recently, a multitude of communication methods have been introduced to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Christoph Wittner

Many multi-agent systems require inter-agent communication to properly achieve their goal. By learning the communication protocol alongside the action protocol using multi-agent reinforcement learning techniques, the agents gain the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Astrid Vanneste , Thomas Somers , Simon Vanneste , Kevin Mets , Tom De Schepper , Siegfried Mercelis , Peter Hellinckx

Many real-world reinforcement learning tasks require multiple agents to make sequential decisions under the agents' interaction, where well-coordinated actions among the agents are crucial to achieve the target goal better at these tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-06 Daewoo Kim , Sangwoo Moon , David Hostallero , Wan Ju Kang , Taeyoung Lee , Kyunghwan Son , Yung Yi

As large language models are deployed as autonomous agents, their capacity for strategic deception raises core questions for coordination, reliability, and safety in multi-goal, multi-agent systems. We study deception and communication in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Maria Milkowski , Tim Weninger

Large Language Model (LLM) Agents have recently garnered increasing interest yet they are limited in their ability to learn from trial and error, a key element of intelligent behavior. In this work, we argue that the capacity to learn new…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Haiteng Zhao , Chang Ma , Guoyin Wang , Jing Su , Lingpeng Kong , Jingjing Xu , Zhi-Hong Deng , Hongxia Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive capabilities in reasoning tasks. Currently, mainstream LLM reasoning frameworks predominantly focus on scaling up inference-time sampling to enhance performance. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hongduan Tian , Xiao Feng , Ziyuan Zhao , Xiangyu Zhu , Rolan Yan , Bo Han

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) where agents interact through natural language to solve complex tasks or simulate multi-party dialogues. Recent work on LLM-based MASs has mainly focused on architecture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yuxiao Ye , Yiming Zhang , Yiran Ma , Huiyuan Xie , Huining Zhu , Zhiyuan Liu

The wireless communication environment has the characteristic of strong dynamics. Conventional wireless networks operate based on the static rules with predefined algorithms, lacking the self-adaptation ability. The rapid development of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-25 Dingli Yuan , Jingchen Peng , Jie Fan , Boxiang Ren , Lu Yang , Peng Liu

Self-improvement, where models improve beyond their current performance without external supervision, remains a challenge. The core difficulty is sourcing a training signal stronger than what the model itself can currently produce. Majority…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ankur Samanta , Akshayaa Magesh , Runzhe Wu , Ayush Jain , Youliang Yu , Daniel Jiang , Boris Vidolov , Paul Sajda , Yonathan Efroni , Kaveh Hassani

The rapid development of the Large Language Model (LLM) presents huge opportunities for 6G communications, e.g., network optimization and management by allowing users to input task requirements to LLMs by nature language. However, directly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Feibo Jiang , Li Dong , Yubo Peng , Kezhi Wang , Kun Yang , Cunhua Pan , Dusit Niyato , Octavia A. Dobre