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Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly exhibit strong reasoning abilities, often attributed to their capacity to generate chain-of-thought-style intermediate reasoning. Recent work suggests that exposure to code can further enhance these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Lukas Twist , Shu Yang , Hanqi Yan , Jingzhi Gong , Di Wang , Helen Yannakoudakis , Jie M. Zhang

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning boosts large language models' (LLMs) performance on complex tasks but faces two key limitations: a lack of reliability when solely relying on LLM-generated reasoning chains and lower reasoning performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Feiyang Li , Peng Fang , Zhan Shi , Arijit Khan , Fang Wang , Weihao Wang , Xin Zhang , Yongjian Cui

Large language models (LLMs) can produce chains of thought (CoT) that do not accurately reflect the actual factors driving their answers. In multiple-choice settings with an injected hint favoring a particular option, models may shift their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Parsa Mirtaheri , Mikhail Belkin

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential but face challenges in complex financial reasoning tasks requiring both domain knowledge and sophisticated reasoning. Current evaluation benchmarks often fall short by not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Shaoyu Dou , Yutian Shen , Mofan Chen , Zixuan Wang , Jiajie Xu , Qi Guo , Kailai Shao , Chao Chen , Haixiang Hu , Haibo Shi , Min Min , Liwen Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to exhibit vulnerabilities despite deliberate safety alignment efforts, posing significant risks to users and society. To safeguard against the risk of policy-violating content, system-level moderation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Jingnan Zheng , Xiangtian Ji , Yijun Lu , Chenhang Cui , Weixiang Zhao , Gelei Deng , Zhenkai Liang , An Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs) poses a challenge for oversight as many misaligned behaviors do not surface until reasoning concludes. To address this, we introduce Behavior Cue Reasoning for making LLM reasoning more controllable…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Christopher Z. Cui , Taylor W. Killian , Prithviraj Ammanabrolu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

The recent trend towards utilisation of reasoning models has improved the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) across many tasks which involve logical steps. One linguistic task that could benefit from this framing is idiomaticity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Dylan Phelps , Rodrigo Wilkens , Edward Gow-Smith , Thomas Pickard , Maggie Mi , Aline Villavicencio

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become integral to automated code analysis, enabling tasks such as vulnerability detection and code comprehension. However, their integration introduces novel attack surfaces. In this paper, we identify and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Yue Li , Xiao Li , Hao Wu , Yue Zhang , Fengyuan Xu , Xiuzhen Cheng , Sheng Zhong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex tasks. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have further improved performance in System-2 reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yang Sui , Yu-Neng Chuang , Guanchu Wang , Jiamu Zhang , Tianyi Zhang , Jiayi Yuan , Hongyi Liu , Andrew Wen , Shaochen Zhong , Na Zou , Hanjie Chen , Xia Hu

The recent advent of reasoning models like OpenAI's o1 was met with excited speculation by the AI community about the mechanisms underlying these capabilities in closed models, followed by a rush of replication efforts, particularly from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Brown Ebouky , Andrea Bartezzaghi , Mattia Rigotti

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for high-stakes decision-making, yet existing approaches struggle to reconcile scalability, interpretability, and reproducibility. Black-box models obscure their reasoning, while recent…

While advancements in the reasoning abilities of LLMs have significantly enhanced their performance in solving mathematical problems, coding tasks, and general puzzles, their effectiveness in accurately adhering to instructions remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Chenyang Wang , Liang Wen , Shousheng Jia , Xiangzheng Zhang , Liang Xu

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have attracted considerable interest among researchers to leverage these models to enhance Recommender Systems (RSs). Existing work predominantly utilizes LLMs to generate knowledge-rich…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Zhongxiang Sun , Zihua Si , Xiaoxue Zang , Kai Zheng , Yang Song , Xiao Zhang , Jun Xu

Long chain-of-thought (CoT) significantly enhances the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, extensive reasoning traces lead to inefficiencies and increased time-to-first-token (TTFT). We propose a training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Roy Xie , David Qiu , Deepak Gopinath , Dong Lin , Yanchao Sun , Chong Wang , Saloni Potdar , Bhuwan Dhingra

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have resulted in increasingly anthropomorphic language concerning the ability of LLMs to reason. Whether reasoning in LLMs should be understood to be inherently different is, however,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Bertram Højer , Oliver Jarvis , Stefan Heinrich

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Feedback (RLVF) has become a key technique for enhancing the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, its reliance on sparse, outcome based rewards, which only indicate if a final…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ang Li , Zhihang Yuan , Yang Zhang , Shouda Liu , Yisen Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on reasoning-intensive tasks, but enhancing their reasoning abilities typically relies on either reinforcement learning (RL) with verifiable signals or supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Yige Yuan , Teng Xiao , Shuchang Tao , Xue Wang , Jinyang Gao , Bolin Ding , Bingbing Xu

Statutory law retrieval is a typical problem in legal language processing, that has various practical applications in law engineering. Modern deep learning-based retrieval methods have achieved significant results for this problem. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Hai-Long Nguyen , Tan-Minh Nguyen , Duc-Minh Nguyen , Thi-Hai-Yen Vuong , Ha-Thanh Nguyen , Xuan-Hieu Phan

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit potential for explainable recommendation systems but overlook collaborative signals, while prevailing methods treat recommendation and explanation as separate tasks, resulting in a memory footprint. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Fahad Anwaar , Adil Mehmood Khan , Muhammad Khalid , Usman Zia , Kezhi Wang
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