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Efficient and robust optimization is essential for neural networks, enabling scientific machine learning models to converge rapidly to very high accuracy -- faithfully capturing complex physical behavior governed by differential equations.…

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve forward PDEs by minimizing residual losses from the governing equations with initial and boundary conditions, but they often struggle with discontinuities such as shocks. In contrast, finite…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-05 Yeping Wang , Shihao Yang

Accurately simulating wave propagation is crucial in fields such as acoustics, electromagnetism, and seismic analysis. Traditional numerical methods, like finite difference and finite element approaches, are widely used to solve governing…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Victorita Dolean , Daria Hrebenshchykova , Stéphane Lanteri , Victor Michel-Dansac

This paper presents a novel approach called the boundary integrated neural networks (BINNs) for analyzing acoustic radiation and scattering. The method introduces fundamental solutions of the time-harmonic wave equation to encode the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-07-21 Wenzhen Qu , Yan Gu , Shengdong Zhao , Fajie wang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are a promising approach that combines the power of neural networks with the interpretability of physical modeling. PINNs have shown good practical performance in solving partial differential…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Nathan Doumèche , Gérard Biau , Claire Boyer

Solving the wave equation is fundamental for geophysical applications. However, numerical solutions of the Helmholtz equation face significant computational and memory challenges. Therefore, we introduce a physics-informed convolutional…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-07-23 Xiao Ma , Tariq Alkhalifah

The gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field remains a demanding benchmark for numerical methods in numerical relativity, as it exhibits critical behavior at the boundary between dispersion and black hole formation. In this work we…

Partial differential equations (PDEs) provide a mathematical foundation for simulating and understanding intricate behaviors in both physical sciences and engineering. With the growing capabilities of deep learning, data$-$driven approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Narayan S Iyer , Bivas Bhaumik , Ram S Iyer , Satyasaran Changdar

A novel variational formulation of layer potentials and boundary integral operators generalizes their classical construction by Green's functions, which are not explicitly available for Helmholtz problems with variable coefficients.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Benedikt Gräßle , Ralf Hiptmair , Stefan Sauter

Several complex physical systems are governed by multi-scale partial differential equations (PDEs) that exhibit both smooth low-frequency components and localized high-frequency structures. Existing physics-informed neural network (PINN)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Zhenzhen Huang , Haoyu Bian , Jiaquan Zhang , Yibei Liu , Kuien Liu , Caiyan Qin , Guoqing Wang , Yang Yang , Chaoning Zhang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently received much attention due to their capabilities in solving both forward and inverse problems. For training a deep neural network associated with a PINN, one typically constructs a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-26 Pouyan Nasiri , Roozbeh Dargazany

Recent work in scientific machine learning has developed so-called physics-informed neural network (PINN) models. The typical approach is to incorporate physical domain knowledge as soft constraints on an empirical loss function and use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Aditi S. Krishnapriyan , Amir Gholami , Shandian Zhe , Robert M. Kirby , Michael W. Mahoney

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been proposed to learn the solution of partial differential equations (PDE). In PINNs, the residual form of the PDE of interest and its boundary conditions are lumped into a composite objective…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-05-24 Shamsulhaq Basir , Inanc Senocak

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have shown promise in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) relevant to multiscale modeling, but they often fail when applied to materials with discontinuous coefficients, such as media with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Liya Gaynutdinova , Martin Doškář , Ondřej Rokoš , Ivana Pultarová

In this study, we introduce a method based on Separable Physics-Informed Neural Networks (SPINNs) for effectively solving the BGK model of the Boltzmann equation. While the mesh-free nature of PINNs offers significant advantages in handling…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-11 Jaemin Oh , Seung Yeon Cho , Seok-Bae Yun , Eunbyung Park , Youngjoon Hong

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative for solving partial differential equations, offering a mesh-free framework that incorporates physical laws directly into the learning process. In this…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Gal G. Shaviner , Hemanth Chandravamsi , Shimon Pisnoy , Ziv Chen , Steven H. Frankel

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have great potential for flexibility and effectiveness in forward modeling and inversion of seismic waves. However, coordinate-based neural networks (NNs) commonly suffer from the "spectral bias"…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-06-19 Yi Ding , Su Chen , Hiroe Miyake , Xiaojun Li

Multiscale elliptic equations with scale separation are often approximated by the corresponding homogenized equations with slowly varying homogenized coefficients (the G-limit). The traditional homogenization techniques typically rely on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-07-27 Jun Sur Richard Park , Xueyu Zhu

Mode conversion in non-homogeneous elastic media makes it challenging to interpret physical properties accurately. Decomposing these modes correctly is crucial across various scientific areas. Recent machine learning approaches have been…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 E. A. B. Alves , P. D. S. de Lima , D. H. G. Duarte , M. S. Ferreira , J. M. de Araújo , C. G. Bezerra

Green's function plays a significant role in both theoretical analysis and numerical computing of partial differential equations (PDEs). However, in most cases, Green's function is difficult to compute. The troubles arise in the following…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Guochang Lin , Fukai Chen , Pipi Hu , Xiang Chen , Junqing Chen , Jun Wang , Zuoqiang Shi