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Safe derivative-free optimization under unknown constraints is a fundamental challenge in modern learning and control. Existing zeroth-order (ZO) methods typically still assume access to a first-order oracle of the constraint functions or…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-29 Runyu Zhang , Gioele Zardini , Asuman Ozdaglar , Jeff Shamma , Na Li

Zeroth-order (ZO) methods are widely used when gradients are unavailable or prohibitively expensive, including black-box learning and memory-efficient fine-tuning of large models, yet their optimization dynamics in deep learning remain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Minhak Song , Liang Zhang , Bingcong Li , Niao He , Michael Muehlebach , Sewoong Oh

Zeroth-order methods are extensively used in machine learning applications where gradients are infeasible or expensive to compute, such as black-box attacks, reinforcement learning, and language model fine-tuning. Existing optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Liang Zhang , Bingcong Li , Kiran Koshy Thekumparampil , Sewoong Oh , Michael Muehlebach , Niao He

Large language models (LLMs) excel across various tasks, but standard first-order (FO) fine-tuning demands considerable memory, significantly limiting real-world deployment. Recently, zeroth-order (ZO) optimization stood out as a promising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Qitao Tan , Jun Liu , Zheng Zhan , Caiwei Ding , Yanzhi Wang , Xiaolong Ma , Jaewoo Lee , Jin Lu , Geng Yuan

This paper investigates distributed online convex optimization in the presence of an aggregative variable without any global/central coordinators over a multi-agent network, where each individual agent is only able to access partial…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Xiuxian Li , Xinlei Yi , Lihua Xie

Gradient tracking (GT) is an algorithm designed for solving decentralized optimization problems over a network (such as training a machine learning model). A key feature of GT is a tracking mechanism that allows to overcome data…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-05 Yue Liu , Tao Lin , Anastasia Koloskova , Sebastian U. Stich

A new technique of global optimization and its applications in particular to neural networks are presented. The algorithm is also compared to other global optimization algorithms such as Gradient descent (GD), Monte Carlo (MC), Genetic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Homayoun Valafar , Okan K. Ersoy , Faramarz Valafar

We consider distributed optimization over networks where each agent is associated with a smooth and strongly convex local objective function. We assume that the agents only have access to unbiased estimators of the gradient of their…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-14 Farzad Yousefian , Jayesh Yevale , Harshal D. Kaushik

The minimax excess risk optimization (MERO) problem is a new variation of the traditional distributionally robust optimization (DRO) problem, which achieves uniformly low regret across all test distributions under suitable conditions. In…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-23 Zhihao Gu , Zi Xu

This paper proposes an accelerated consensus-based distributed iterative algorithm for resource allocation and scheduling. The proposed gradient-tracking algorithm introduces an auxiliary variable to add momentum towards the optimal state.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-11 Mohammadreza Doostmohammadian , Zulfiya R. Gabidullina , Hamid R. Rabiee

This paper investigates the privacy-preserving distributed optimization problem, aiming to protect agents' private information from potential attackers during the optimization process. Gradient tracking, an advanced technique for improving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Furan Xie , Bing Liu , Li Chai

Distributed stochastic optimization algorithms can simultaneously process large-scale datasets, significantly accelerating model training. However, their effectiveness is often hindered by the sparsity of distributed networks and data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yuchen Hu , Xi Chen , Weidong Liu , Xiaojun Mao

In this paper, we study the standard formulation of an optimization problem when the computation of gradient is not available. Such a problem can be classified as a "black box" optimization problem, since the oracle returns only the value…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-09-30 Aleksandr Lobanov , Nail Bashirov , Alexander Gasnikov

Zeroth-order (ZO) optimization provides a powerful framework for problems where explicit gradients are unavailable and have to be approximated using only queries to function value. The prevalent single-query approach is simple, but suffers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Wei Lin , Qingyu Song , Hong Xu

This paper proposes a distributed stochastic algorithm with variance reduction for general smooth non-convex finite-sum optimization, which has wide applications in signal processing and machine learning communities. In distributed setting,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-23 Xia Jiang , Xianlin Zeng , Jian Sun , Jie Chen

Meta-learning has been proposed as a promising machine learning topic in recent years, with important applications to image classification, robotics, computer games, and control systems. In this paper, we study the problem of using…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-28 Yunian Pan , Quanyan Zhu

This work considers stochastic optimization problems in which the objective function values can only be computed by a blackbox corrupted by some random noise following an unknown distribution. The proposed method is based on sequential…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-15 Charles Audet , Jean Bigeon , Romain Couderc , Michael Kokkolaras

Meta-learning has been proposed as a promising machine learning topic in recent years, with important applications to image classification, robotics, computer games, and control systems. In this paper, we study the problem of using…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Yunian Pan , Tao Li , Quanyan Zhu

With the increasing scale and dynamics of data, distributed online optimization has become essential for real-time decision-making in various applications. However, existing algorithms often rely on bounded gradient assumptions and overlook…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Xinli Shi , Xingxing Yuan , Longkang Zhu , Guanghui Wen

This paper proposes a new framework for distributed optimization, called distributed aggregative optimization, which allows local objective functions to be dependent not only on their own decision variables, but also on the average of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-28 Xiuxian Li , Lihua Xie , Yiguang Hong