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We propose a systematic procedure for the construction of graphs associated with binary quantum stabilizer codes. The procedure is characterized by means of the following three step process. First, the stabilizer code is realized as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-29 Carlo Cafaro

With the continued scaling of quantum processors, holistic benchmarks are essential for extensively evaluating device performance. Layer fidelity is a benchmark well-suited to assessing processor performance at scale. Key advantages of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Maria Jose Lozano Palacio , Hasan Nayfeh , Matthew Ware , David C. McKay

Quantum error correction codes (QECCs) play a central role in both quantum communications and quantum computation. Practical quantum error correction codes, such as stabilizer codes, are generally structured to suit a specific use, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-30 Diogo Cruz , Francisco A. Monteiro , Bruno C. Coutinho

Quantum Error Correction (QEC) codes store information reliably in logical qubits by encoding them in a larger number of less reliable qubits. The surface code, known for its high resilience to physical errors, is a leading candidate for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Satvik Maurya , Swamit Tannu

Neural Networks have become one of the most successful universal machine learning algorithms. They play a key role in enabling machine vision and speech recognition for example. Their computational complexity is enormous and comes along…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Michaela Blott , Lisa Halder , Miriam Leeser , Linda Doyle

The potential of quantum computers to outperform classical ones in practically useful tasks remains challenging in the near term due to scaling limitations and high error rates of current quantum hardware. While quantum error correction…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated good performance in general code generation; however, their capabilities in quantum code generation remain insufficiently studied. This paper presents QuanBench, a benchmark for evaluating LLMs…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xiaoyu Guo , Minggu Wang , Jianjun Zhao

As quantum technologies continue to advance, the proliferation of hardware architectures with diverse capabilities and limitations has underscored the importance of benchmarking as a tool to compare performance across platforms. Achieving…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 David Aguirre , Rubén Peña , Mikel Sanz

Most of the existing quantum neural network models, such as variational quantum circuits (VQCs), are limited in their ability to explore the non-linear relationships in input data. This gradually becomes the main obstacle for it to tackle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-14 Jinyang Li , Ang Li , Weiwen Jiang

The ultimate goal of quantum error correction is to create logical qubits with very low error rates (e.g. 1e-12) and assemble them into large-scale quantum computers capable of performing many (e.g. billions) of logical gates on many (e.g.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Michael E. Beverland , Malcolm Carroll , Andrew W. Cross , Theodore J. Yoder

Quantum computers are a revolutionary class of computational platforms with applications in combinatorial and global optimization, machine learning, and other domains involving computationally hard problems. While these machines typically…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Aditya Sodhani , Keshab K. Parhi

Certifying the performance of quantum computers requires standardized tests. We propose a simple energy estimation benchmark that is motivated from quantum chemistry. With this benchmark we statistically characterize the noisy outcome of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-09 Andreas J. C. Woitzik , Lukas Hoffmann , Andreas Buchleitner , Edoardo G. Carnio

Code Agent development is an extremely active research area, where a reliable performance metric is critical for tracking progress and guiding new developments. This demand is underscored by the meteoric rise in popularity of SWE-Bench.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Konstantinos Vergopoulos , Mark Niklas Müller , Martin Vechev

With gate error rates in multiple technologies now below the threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computation, the major remaining obstacle to useful quantum computation is scaling, a challenge greatly amplified by the huge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-09 Kianna Wan , Soonwon Choi , Isaac H. Kim , Noah Shutty , Patrick Hayden

We generalize the stabilizer formalism for entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes with noisy ebits (EAQECCs-Ne) from the binary case to the general $q$-ary case, where $q$ is a prime power. By leveraging the structure of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Guanmin Guo , Ruihu Li

Recent work has explored using the stabilizer formalism to classically simulate quantum circuits containing a few non-Clifford gates. The computational cost of such methods is directly related to the notion of stabilizer rank, which for a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-04 Sergey Bravyi , Dan Browne , Padraic Calpin , Earl Campbell , David Gosset , Mark Howard

Quantum fidelity estimation is essential for benchmarking quantum states and processes on noisy quantum devices. While stabilizer operations form the foundation of fault-tolerant quantum computing, non-stabilizer resources further enable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Zhiping Liu , Kun Wang , Xin Wang

Randomized benchmarking provides a tool for obtaining precise quantitative estimates of the average error rate of a physical quantum channel. Here we define real randomized benchmarking, which enables a separate determination of the average…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-23 A. K. Hashagen , S. T. Flammia , D. Gross , J. J. Wallman

Compilation and optimization of quantum circuits are critical components in the execution of algorithms on quantum computers. These components must successfully balance two competing priorities: minimizing the number of expensive resources,…

The five-qubit quantum error correcting code encodes one logical qubit to five physical qubits, and protects the code from a single error. It was one of the first quantum codes to be invented, and various encoding circuits have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-09 Arijit Mondal , Keshab K. Parhi