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Automated methods for red teaming LLMs are an important tool to identify LLM vulnerabilities that may not be covered in static benchmarks, allowing for more thorough probing. They can also adapt to each specific LLM to discover weaknesses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Aishwarya Padmakumar , Leon Derczynski , Traian Rebedea , Christopher Parisien

Powerful large language models (LLMs) from different providers have been expensively trained and finetuned to specialize across varying domains. In this work, we introduce a new kind of Conductor model trained with reinforcement learning to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Stefan Nielsen , Edoardo Cetin , Peter Schwendeman , Qi Sun , Jinglue Xu , Yujin Tang

We introduce new jailbreak attacks on vision language models (VLMs), which use aligned LLMs and are resilient to text-only jailbreak attacks. Specifically, we develop cross-modality attacks on alignment where we pair adversarial images…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Erfan Shayegani , Yue Dong , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

The prevalence and strong capability of large language models (LLMs) present significant safety and ethical risks if exploited by malicious users. To prevent the potentially deceptive usage of LLMs, recent works have proposed algorithms to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Zhouxing Shi , Yihan Wang , Fan Yin , Xiangning Chen , Kai-Wei Chang , Cho-Jui Hsieh

Large language models (LLMs) often seamlessly adapt to new tasks through in-context learning (ICL) or supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, ICL is inefficient when handling many demonstrations, and SFT incurs training overhead while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Josip Jukić , Martin Tutek , Jan Šnajder

Using in-context learning (ICL) for data generation, techniques such as Self-Instruct (Wang et al., 2023) or the follow-up Alpaca (Taori et al., 2023) can train strong conversational agents with only a small amount of human supervision. One…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into high-stakes applications, making robust safety guarantees a central practical and commercial concern. Existing safety evaluations predominantly rely on fixed collections of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zafir Shamsi , Nikhil Chekuru , Zachary Guzman , Shivank Garg

Generating rare compositional concepts in text-to-image synthesis remains a challenge for diffusion models, particularly for attributes that are uncommon in the training data. While recent approaches, such as R2F, address this challenge by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Kwanyoung Lee , Hyunwoo Oh , SeungJu Cha , Sungho Koh , Dong-Jin Kim

Multimodal retrieval, which seeks to retrieve relevant content across modalities such as text or image, supports applications from AI search to contents production. Despite the success of separate-encoder approaches like CLIP align…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Qiyu Wu , Shuyang Cui , Satoshi Hayakawa , Wei-Yao Wang , Hiromi Wakaki , Yuki Mitsufuji

The exploitation of large language models (LLMs) for malicious purposes poses significant security risks as these models become more powerful and widespread. While most existing red-teaming frameworks focus on single-turn attacks,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Si Chen , Xiao Yu , Ninareh Mehrabi , Rahul Gupta , Zhou Yu , Ruoxi Jia

Recent advances on instruction fine-tuning have led to the development of various prompting techniques for large language models, such as explicit reasoning steps. However, the success of techniques depends on various parameters, such as…

Large language models (LLMs) can often be made to behave in undesirable ways that they are explicitly fine-tuned not to. For example, the LLM red-teaming literature has produced a wide variety of 'jailbreaking' techniques to elicit harmful…

Interactive multimodal applications (IMAs), such as route planning in the Internet of Vehicles, enrich users' personalized experiences by integrating various forms of data over wireless networks. Recent advances in large language models…

Recently, advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 have been integrated into many real-world applications like Code Copilot. These applications have significantly expanded the attack surface of LLMs, exposing them to a variety of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Huiyu Xu , Wenhui Zhang , Zhibo Wang , Feng Xiao , Rui Zheng , Yunhe Feng , Zhongjie Ba , Kui Ren

Automated red-teaming for LLMs often discovers narrow attack slices, missing diverse real-world threats, and yielding insufficient data for safety fine-tuning. We introduce Persona-Conditioned Adversarial Prompting (PCAP), which conditions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Cristian Morasso , Anisa Halimi , Muhammad Zaid Hameed , Douglas Leith

Recent work has demonstrated the potential of contrastive steering for jailbreaking Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing methods rely on limited and inherently biased contrastive prompts and require laborious manual tuning of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Junxi Chen , Junhao Dong , Xiaohua Xie

Large language models (LLMs) have become a strong foundation for multi-agent systems, but their effectiveness depends heavily on orchestration design. Across different tasks, role design, capacity assignment, and dependency construction…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xudong Chen , Yixin Liu , Hua Wei , Kaize Ding

Large language models (LLMs) are commonly adapted for diverse downstream tasks via parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques such as Low-Rank Adapters (LoRA). While adapters can be combined to handle multiple tasks separately, standard…

We address the problem of teaching a deep reinforcement learning (RL) agent to follow instructions in multi-task environments. Instructions are expressed in a well-known formal language -- linear temporal logic (LTL) -- and can specify a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Pashootan Vaezipoor , Andrew Li , Rodrigo Toro Icarte , Sheila McIlraith

Extracting actionable intelligence from distributed, heterogeneous, correlated and high-dimensional data sources requires run-time processing and learning both locally and globally. In the last decade, a large number of meta-learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Cem Tekin , Jinsung Yoon , Mihaela van der Schaar