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Effective ground station selection is critical for low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellite constellations to minimize operational costs, maximize data downlink volume, and reduce communication gaps between access windows. Traditional ground…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Grace Ra Kim , Duncan Eddy , Vedant Srinivas , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites and satellite direct-to-device (D2D) technology are at the heart of the next-generation global connectivity which promises direct access to space-based broadband services for unmodified 3GPP-compliant…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Adnan Aijaz , Peizheng Li , Sajida Gufran

Mega-constellations in Low Earth Orbit have the potential to revolutionise worldwide internet access. The concomitant potential of these mega-constellations to impact space sustainability, however, has prompted concern from space actors as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-12 Calum Spring-Turner , Raj Thilak Rajan

In this paper, we explore the integration of communication and synthetic aperture radar (SAR)-based remote sensing in low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite systems to provide real-time SAR imaging and information transmission. Considering the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Yichao Xu , Xiaoming Chen , Ming Ying , Zhaoyang Zhang

We propose an architecture with accompanying protocol for on-board satellite data infrastructure designed for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) constellations offering communication services, such as direct-to-cell connectivity. Our design leverages…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Thomas Sandholm , Sayandev Mukherjee , Bernardo A Huberman

The efforts to replace the successful, albeit aging, TCP/IP Internet architecture with a better suited one have driving research interest to information-centric alternatives. The Named Data Networking (NDN) architecture is probably one of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Miguel Rodríguez-Pérez , Sergio Herrería-Alonso , Andrés Suárez-González , José Carlos López-Ardao , Raúl Rodríguez-Rubio

The amount of data generated by Earth observation satellites can be enormous, which poses a great challenge to the satellite-to-ground connections with limited rate. This paper considers problem of efficient downlink communication of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-28 Van-Phuc Bui , Thinh Q. Dinh , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Shashi Raj Pandey , Eva Lagunas , Petar Popovski

Global localization is a critical problem in autonomous navigation, enabling precise positioning without reliance on GPS. Modern global localization techniques often depend on dense LiDAR maps, which, while precise, require extensive…

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Network (SatNet) with their mega-constellations are expected to play a key role in providing ubiquitous Internet and communications services in the future. LEO SatNets will provide wide-area coverage and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Tasneem Darwish , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Michel Bellemare , Guillaume Lamontagne

The contemporary landscape of wireless technology underscores the critical role of precise localization services. Traditional global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)-based solutions, however, fall short when it comes to indoor…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-14 Pinjun Zheng , Xing Liu , Yuchen Zhang , Jiguang He , Gonzalo Seco-Granados , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

As LEO/VLEO satellites offer many attractive features, such as low transmission delay, they are expected to be an integral part of 6G. Global entanglement distribution over LEO and VLEO satellites network must reckon with satellite movement…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-07-24 A. Sen , C. Sumnicht , S. Choudhuri , A. Chang , G. Xue

Emerging satellite Internet constellations such as SpaceX's Starlink will deploy thousands of broadband satellites and construct Low-Earth Orbit(LEO) satellite networks(LSNs) in space, significantly expanding the boundaries of today's…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Chenwei Gu , Qian Wu , Zeqi Lai , Hewu Li , Jihao Li , Weisen Liu , Qi Zhang , Jun Liu , Yuanjie Li

The performance of large-scale Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) networks, which consist of thousands of satellites interconnected by optical links, is dependent on its network topology. Existing topology designs often assume idealized conditions and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Muaz Ali , Beichuan Zhang

The rapid growth of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations has revolutionized broadband access, earth observation, and direct-to-device connectivity. However, the expansion of ground station infrastructure has not kept pace,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-14 Rohith Reddy Vennam , Luke Wilson , Ish Kumar Jain , Dinesh Bharadia

The advent of Low-Earth Orbit satellite networks (LSNs), exemplified by initiatives like \emph{Starlink}, \emph{OneWeb} and \emph{Kuiper}, has ushered in a new era of ``Internet from Space" global connectivity. Recent studies have shown…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Haoyuan Zhao , Jianxin Shi , Guanzhen Wu , Hao Fang , Yi Ching Chou , Long Chen , Feng Wang , Jiangchuan Liu

The number of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations has grown rapidly in recent years, bringing a major change to global wireless communications. As LEO satellite links take on a growing role in critical services such as emergency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-27 Jinyoung Lee , Stefano Tomasin , Dong-Hyun Jung

With numerous ongoing deployments owned by private companies and startups, dense satellite constellations deployed in low Earth orbit (LEO) will play a major role in the near future of wireless communications. In addition, the 3rd…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Beatriz Soret , Petar Popovski

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) underpin positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT), yet their low-power signals are easily blocked or disrupted, leaving gaps in PNT availability in contested environments (e.g. maritime settings)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-21 Nisanur Camuzcu , Tiep M. Hoang , Alireza Vahid

Providing truly ubiquitous connectivity requires development of low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite Internet, whose theoretical study is lagging behind network-specific simulations. In this paper, we derive analytical expressions for the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-26 Niloofar Okati , Taneli Riihonen

Google's congestion control (GCC) has become a cornerstone for real-time video and audio communication, yet its performance remains fragile in emerging Low Earth Orbit (LEO) networks. In this paper, we study the behavior of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Aashish Gottipati , Lili Qiu