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Current LLM agent benchmarks, which predominantly focus on binary pass/fail tasks such as code generation or search-based question answering, often neglect the value of real-world engineering that is often captured through the iterative…

This paper introduces the first \emph{self-evolving} logic synthesis framework, which leverages Large Language Model (LLM) agents to autonomously improve the source code of \textsc{ABC}, the widely adopted logic synthesis system. Our…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Cunxi Yu , Haoxing Ren

Large language model agents rely on specialized memory systems to accumulate and reuse knowledge during extended interactions. Recent architectures typically adopt a fixed memory design tailored to specific domains, such as semantic…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Wenbo Pan , Shujie Liu , Xiangyang Zhou , Shiwei Zhang , Wanlu Shi , Mirror Xu , Xiaohua Jia

Automatic multi-agent systems aim to instantiate agent workflows without relying on manually designed or fixed orchestration. However, existing automatic MAS approaches remain only partially adaptive: they either perform training-free…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yaolun Zhang , Yujie Zhao , Nan Wang , Yiran Wu , Jiayu Chang , Yizhao Chen , Qingyun Wu , Jishen Zhao , Huazheng Wang

We present Agent Lightning, a flexible and extensible framework that enables Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based training of Large Language Models (LLMs) for any AI agent. Unlike existing methods that tightly couple RL training with agent or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Xufang Luo , Yuge Zhang , Zhiyuan He , Zilong Wang , Siyun Zhao , Dongsheng Li , Luna K. Qiu , Yuqing Yang

The performance of large language model (LLM) agents depends critically on the execution harness, the system layer that orchestrates tool use, context management, and state persistence. Yet this same architectural centrality makes the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xixun Lin , Yang Liu , Yancheng Chen , Yongxuan Wu , Yucheng Ning , Yilong Liu , Nan Sun , Shun Zhang , Bin Chong , Chuan Zhou , Yanan Cao

LLM-driven agents, particularly those using general frameworks like ReAct or human-inspired role-playing, often struggle in specialized domains that necessitate rigorously structured workflows. Fields such as remote sensing, requiring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Kaiyu Li , Jiayu Wang , Zhi Wang , Hui Qiao , Weizhan Zhang , Deyu Meng , Xiangyong Cao

Modern agents powered by thinking LLMs achieve high accuracy through long chain-of-thought reasoning but incur substantial inference costs. While many LLMs now support configurable reasoning levels (e.g., high/medium/low), static strategies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jingbo Yang , Bairu Hou , Wei Wei , Yujia Bao , Shiyu Chang

AI models underpin modern intelligent systems, driving advances across science, medicine, finance, and technology. Yet developing high-performing AI models remains a labor-intensive process that requires expert practitioners to iteratively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Ruiyi Zhang , Peijia Qin , Qi Cao , Li Zhang , Pengtao Xie

With the advancement of web techniques, they have significantly revolutionized various aspects of people's lives. Despite the importance of the web, many tasks performed on it are repetitive and time-consuming, negatively impacting overall…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Liangbo Ning , Ziran Liang , Zhuohang Jiang , Haohao Qu , Yujuan Ding , Wenqi Fan , Xiao-yong Wei , Shanru Lin , Hui Liu , Philip S. Yu , Qing Li

Agentic evolution has emerged as a powerful paradigm for improving programs, workflows, and scientific solutions by iteratively generating candidates, evaluating them, and using feedback to guide future search. However, existing methods are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jiayi Zhang , Yongfeng Gu , Jianhao Ruan , Maojia Song , Yiran Peng , Zhiguang Han , Jinyu Xiang , Zhitao Wang , Caiyin Yang , Yixi Ouyang , Bang Liu , Chenglin Wu , Yuyu Luo

Test-time skill evolving is regarded as a new paradigm for enhancing deployed agentic systems. Existing works mainly focus on hard-coded skill evolving strategies or parametric learning that rely on expensive parameter updates in the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xujun Li , Kehan Zheng , Mingyuan Zhao , Yize Geng , Jinfeng Zhou , Qi Zhu , Fei Mi , Lifeng Shang , Minlie Huang , Hongning Wang

Modern scientific discovery increasingly requires coordinating distributed facilities and heterogeneous resources, forcing researchers to act as manual workflow coordinators rather than scientists. Advances in AI leading to AI agents show…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Woong Shin , Renan Souza , Daniel Rosendo , Frédéric Suter , Feiyi Wang , Prasanna Balaprakash , Rafael Ferreira da Silva

Large language model (LLM)-based techniques have achieved notable progress in generating harnesses for program fuzzing. However, applying them to arbitrary functions (especially internal functions) \textit{at scale} remains challenging due…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Kang Yang , Yunhang Zhang , Zichuan Li , Guanhong Tao , Jun Xu , Xiaojing Liao

Agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly permeating various domains of human production and life, highlighting the importance of aligning them with human values. The current alignment of AI systems primarily focuses on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Shimin Li , Tianxiang Sun , Qinyuan Cheng , Xipeng Qiu

Industry practitioners and academic researchers regularly use multi-agent systems to accelerate their work, but the applications through which users operate these systems do not provide a simple, unified mechanism for scalably managing…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Christopher J. Agostino , Nayan D'Souza

Existing AI benchmarks for software automation rarely combine cross-application coordination, autonomous API discovery, and policy adherence. Real business workflows demand all three: a single task may span a CRM, inbox, calendar, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Daniel Shepard , Robin Salimans

Generative AI agents in life sciences face a critical challenge: determining the optimal approach for diverse queries ranging from simple factoid questions to complex mechanistic reasoning. Traditional methods rely on fixed rules or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Nihir Chadderwala

Evaluation harnesses are software systems that orchestrate model evaluation by managing model invocation, data loading, metric computation, and result reporting. Despite their critical role in machine learning infrastructure, their…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zhimin Zhao , Zehao Wang , Abdul Ali Bangash , Bram Adams , Ahmed E. Hassan

Existing LLM-enabled multi-agent frameworks are predominantly limited to digital or simulated environments and confined to narrowly focused knowledge domain, constraining their applicability to complex engineering tasks that require the…

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