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Primordial black holes in the mass range of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors can comprise a significant fraction of the dark matter. Mass and spin measurements from coalescences can be used to distinguish between an astrophysical…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-06 V. De Luca , G. Franciolini , P. Pani , A. Riotto

The coalescence of binary black holes and neutron stars increases the entropy in the universe. The release of entropy from the inspiral stage to the merger depends primarily on the mass and spin vectors of the compact binary. In this study,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-11-06 Siyuan Chen , Karan Jani

We quantify the impact of finite catalog size, or "catalog variance," on current gravitational-wave population analyses. The distribution of merging binary black holes is commonly reconstructed via hierarchical Bayesian inference, with…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-03 Alessia Corelli , Davide Gerosa , Matthew Mould , Cecilia Maria Fabbri

The component black holes (BHs) observed in gravitational-wave (GW) binary black hole (BBH) events tend to be more massive and slower spinning than those observed in black hole X-ray binaries (BH-XRBs). Without modeling their evolutionary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-27 Maya Fishbach , Vicky Kalogera

The massive black holes we observe in galaxies today are the natural end-product of a complex evolutionary path, in which black holes seeded in proto-galaxies at high redshift grow through cosmic history via a sequence of mergers and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-23 Alberto Sesana , Jonathan R. Gair , Emanuele Berti , Marta Volonteri

The population of binary black hole mergers observed in gravitational waves, together with astrophysical simulations, can help us to understand the properties of the progenitors and the binary formation mechanisms in different astrophysical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-12 Ken K. Y. Ng , Konstantinos Kritos , Andrea Antonelli , Roberto Cotesta , Emanuele Berti

Since the initial discovery of gravitational-waves from merging black holes, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration together with Virgo and KAGRA have published 90 gravitational-wave observations of compact binary mergers in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-09 Vera Del Favero

We perform a systematic study of merging black hole (BH) binaries with compact star (CS) companions, including black hole--white dwarf (BH--WD), black hole--neutron star (BH--NS) and black hole--black hole (BH--BH) systems. Previous studies…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-27 Yong Shao , Xiang-Dong Li

New observational facilities are probing astrophysical transients such as stellar explosions and gravitational wave (GW) sources at ever increasing redshifts, while also revealing new features in source property distributions. To interpret…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-05-24 L. A. C. van Son , S. E. de Mink , M. Chruslinska , C. Conroy , R. Pakmor , L. Hernquist

The spins of merging binary black holes offer insights into their formation history. Recently it has been argued that in isolated binary evolution of two massive stars the firstborn black hole is slowly rotating, whilst the progenitor of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-10-26 Floor S. Broekgaarden , Simon Stevenson , Eric Thrane

Gravitational-wave signals from black-hole binaries with non-precessing spins are described by four parameters -- each black hole's mass and spin. It has been shown that the dominant spin effects can be modeled by a \emph{single} spin…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-09-11 Michael Pürrer , Mark Hannam , P. Ajith , Sascha Husa

Formation of binary black holes (BBHs) detected by gravitational-wave (GW) observations could be broadly divided into two categories: those formed through field binary evolution and those assembled dynamically in dense stellar systems. The…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-04-01 Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh

We analyse the LIGO-Virgo data, including the recently released GWTC-2 dataset, to test a hypothesis that the data contains more than one population of black holes. We perform a maximum likelihood analysis including a population of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-23 Gert Hütsi , Martti Raidal , Ville Vaskonen , Hardi Veermäe

One striking feature of binary black hole (BBH) mergers observed in the first decade of gravitational-wave astronomy is an excess of events with component masses around $35\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$. Multiple formation channels have been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-17 Soumendra Kishore Roy , Lieke A. C. van Son , Will M. Farr

The evolution of the supermassive Black Hole (BH) population across cosmic times remains a central unresolved issue in modern astrophysics, due to the many noticeable uncertainties in the involved physical processes that span a huge range…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-05 Andrea Lapi , Francesco Shankar , Michele Bosi , Daniel Roberts , Hao Fu , Karthik M. Varadarajan , Lumen Boco

One promising way to extract information about stellar astrophysics from gravitational wave catalogs is to compare the catalog to the outputs of stellar population synthesis modeling with varying physical assumptions. The parameter space of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-05 Kaze W. K. Wong , Katelyn Breivik , Will M. Farr , Rodrigo Luger

The black hole binary properties inferred from the LIGO gravitational wave signal GW150914 posed several serious problems. The high masses and low effective spin of black hole binary can be explained if they are primordial (PBH) rather than…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-11-30 S. Blinnikov , A. Dolgov , N. K. Porayko , K. Postnov

Binary black hole spin measurements from gravitational wave observations can reveal the binary's evolutionary history. In particular, the spin orientations of the component black holes within the orbital plane, $\phi_1$ and $\phi_2$, can be…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-20 Vijay Varma , Sylvia Biscoveanu , Maximiliano Isi , Will M. Farr , Salvatore Vitale

Primordial black holes (PBHs) can be both candidates of dark matter and progenitors of binary black holes (BBHs) detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration. Since PBHs could form in the very early Universe through the gravitational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-28 Li-Ming Zheng , Zhengxiang Li , Zu-Cheng Chen , Huan Zhou , Zong-Hong Zhu

Measuring the distribution of spin tilts-the angles between the spin vectors and the binary orbital angular momentum-in stellar-mass binary black holes detected by LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA would provide valuable insight into their astrophysical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-26 Salvatore Vitale , Matthew Mould