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Bayesian optimization is widely used for hyperparameter optimization when model evaluations are expensive; however, noisy acquisition estimates can lead to unstable decisions. We identify acquisition estimation noise as a failure mode that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Maresa Schröder , Pascal Janetzky , Michael Klar , Stefan Feuerriegel

As agents based on large language models are increasingly deployed to long-horizon tasks, maintaining their alignment with stakeholder preferences becomes critical. Effective alignment in such settings requires reward models that are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Charlie Masters , Marta Grześkiewicz , Stefano V. Albrecht

Given a Hyperparameter Optimization(HPO) problem, how to design an algorithm to find optimal configurations efficiently? Bayesian Optimization(BO) and the multi-fidelity BO methods employ surrogate models to sample configurations based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Yang Zhang , Haiyang Wu , Yuekui Yang

Optimal setting of several hyper-parameters in machine learning algorithms is key to make the most of available data. To this aim, several methods such as evolutionary strategies, random search, Bayesian optimization and heuristic rules of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Juan Cruz Barsce , Jorge A. Palombarini , Ernesto C. Martínez

Learning to search is the task of building artificial agents that learn to autonomously use a search box to find information. So far, it has been shown that current language models can learn symbolic query reformulation policies, in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Michelle Chen Huebscher , Christian Buck , Massimiliano Ciaramita , Sascha Rothe

Iterative improvement of model architectures is fundamental to deep learning: Transformers first enabled scaling, and recent advances in model hybridization have pushed the quality-efficiency frontier. However, optimizing architectures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Armin W. Thomas , Rom Parnichkun , Alexander Amini , Stefano Massaroli , Michael Poli

Large Language Reasoning Models have demonstrated remarkable success on static tasks, yet their application to multi-round agentic planning in interactive environments faces two fundamental challenges. First, the intractable credit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yutong Wang , Pengliang Ji , Kaixin Li , Baolong Bi , Tao Feng , Guillaume Sartoretti

Bayesian optimization is a methodology to optimize black-box functions. Traditionally, it focuses on the setting where you can arbitrarily query the search space. However, many real-life problems do not offer this flexibility; in…

In this work we rigorously analyse assumptions inherent to black-box optimisation hyper-parameter tuning tasks. Our results on the Bayesmark benchmark indicate that heteroscedasticity and non-stationarity pose significant challenges for…

LLM agents increasingly run inside execution harnesses that dispatch tools, allocate resources, and route messages between specialized components. However, a harness can return a correct, benign answer over a trajectory that accesses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chengzhi Liu , Yichen Guo , Yepeng Liu , Yuzhe Yang , Qianqi Yan , Xuandong Zhao , Wenyue Hua , Sheng Liu , Sharon Li , Yuheng Bu , Xin Eric Wang

Many safety-critical real-world problems, such as autonomous driving and collaborative robots, are of a distributed multi-agent nature. To optimize the performance of these systems while ensuring safety, we can cast them as distributed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-20 Abdullah Tokmak , Thomas B. Schön , Dominik Baumann

Adaptive orchestration of heterogeneous agents requires making sequential delegation decisions under uncertain and evolving agent behaviour, e.g., coordinating specialised AI models with varying reliability, cost, and response quality.…

Learning how to learn efficiently is a fundamental challenge for biological agents and a growing concern for artificial ones. To learn effectively, an agent must regulate its learning speed, balancing the benefits of rapid improvement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Valentina Njaradi , Rodrigo Carrasco-Davis , Peter E. Latham , Andrew Saxe

Long-horizon tasks that require sustained reasoning and multiple tool interactions remain challenging for LLM agents: small errors compound across steps, and even state-of-the-art models often hallucinate or lose coherence. We identify…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Guangya Wan , Mingyang Ling , Xiaoqi Ren , Rujun Han , Sheng Li , Zizhao Zhang

A default assumption in the design of reinforcement-learning algorithms is that a decision-making agent always explores to learn optimal behavior. In sufficiently complex environments that approach the vastness and scale of the real world,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Dilip Arumugam , Saurabh Kumar , Ramki Gummadi , Benjamin Van Roy

We consider the learning of multi-agent Hawkes processes, a model containing multiple Hawkes processes with shared endogenous impact functions and different exogenous intensities. In the framework of stochastic maximum likelihood…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-15 Hongteng Xu , Xu Chen , Lawrence Carin

Label hierarchies are often available apriori as part of biological taxonomy or language datasets WordNet. Several works exploit these to learn hierarchy aware features in order to improve the classifier to make semantically meaningful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Ashima Garg , Depanshu Sani , Saket Anand

In cloud manufacturing, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can support both product collection and mobile edge computing (MEC). This joint operation forms a hybrid scheduling problem, where physical logistics decisions are coupled with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Hanwen Zhang , Dusit Niyato , Wei Zhang , Xin Lou , Malcolm Yoke Hean Low

The biases and discrimination of machine learning algorithms have attracted significant attention, leading to the development of various algorithms tailored to specific contexts. However, these solutions often fall short of addressing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yinghui Huang , Zihao Tang , Xiangyu Chang

Machine learning pipeline potentially consists of several stages of operations like data preprocessing, feature engineering and machine learning model training. Each operation has a set of hyper-parameters, which can become irrelevant for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Xudong Sun , Jiali Lin , Bernd Bischl