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Self-supervised techniques for learning speech representations have been shown to develop linguistic competence from exposure to speech without the need for human labels. In order to fully realize the potential of these approaches and…

Evaluating the nuanced human-centric video understanding capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) remains a great challenge, as existing benchmarks often overlook the intricacies of emotion, behavior, and cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Ting Zhou , Daoyuan Chen , Qirui Jiao , Bolin Ding , Yaliang Li , Ying Shen

The development of Large Speech-Language Models (LSLMs) has been slowed by fragmented architectures and a lack of transparency, hindering the systematic comparison and reproducibility of research. Unlike in the vision-language domain, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Yirong Sun , Yizhong Geng , Peidong Wei , Yanjun Chen , Jinghan Yang , Rongfei Chen , Wei Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen

Thanks to the steady progress of large language models (LLMs), speech encoding algorithms and vocoder structure, recent advancements have enabled generating speech response directly from a user instruction. However, benchmarking the…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yixuan Hou , Heyang Liu , Yuhao Wang , Ziyang Cheng , Ronghua Wu , Qunshan Gu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Toxic speech detection has become a crucial challenge in maintaining safe online communication environments. However, existing approaches to toxic speech detection often neglect the contribution of paralinguistic cues, such as emotion,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zhongjie Ba , Liang Yi , Peng Cheng , Qingcao Li , Qinglong Wang , Li Lu

Understanding and controlling the behavior of large language models (LLMs) is an increasingly important topic in multilingual NLP. Beyond prompting or fine-tuning, , i.e.,~manipulating internal representations during inference, has emerged…

Although large visual-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in multimodal tasks, errors may occasionally arise due to biases during the reasoning process. Recently, reward models (RMs) have become increasingly pivotal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jiacheng Ruan , Wenzhen Yuan , Xian Gao , Ye Guo , Daoxin Zhang , Zhe Xu , Yao Hu , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu

Voice-based AI development faces unique challenges in processing both linguistic and paralinguistic information. This study compares how large audio-language models (LALMs) and humans integrate speaker characteristics during speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Hanlin Wu , Xufeng Duan , Zhenguang Cai

Evaluating the alignment capabilities of large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) is essential for determining their effectiveness as helpful assistants. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on basic abilities using nonverbal methods,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yuhang Wu , Wenmeng Yu , Yean Cheng , Yan Wang , Xiaohan Zhang , Jiazheng Xu , Ming Ding , Yuxiao Dong

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, but the quality bar for medical and clinical applications is high. Today, attempts to assess models' clinical knowledge…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant advances in visual understanding tasks. However, their capacity to comprehend human-centric scenes has rarely been explored, primarily due to the absence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Yuansen Liu , Haiming Tang , Jinlong Peng , Jiangning Zhang , Xiaozhong Ji , Qingdong He , Wenbin Wu , Donghao Luo , Zhenye Gan , Junwei Zhu , Yunhang Shen , Chaoyou Fu , Chengjie Wang , Xiaobin Hu , Shuicheng Yan

Full-Duplex Speech-to-Speech Large Language Models (LLMs) are foundational to natural human-computer interaction, enabling real-time spoken dialogue systems. However, benchmarking and modeling these models remains a fundamental challenge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yuan Ge , Saihan Chen , Jingqi Xiao , Xiaoqian Liu , Tong Xiao , Yan Xiang , Zhengtao Yu , Jingbo Zhu

As machine learning models evolve, maintaining transparency demands more human-centric explainable AI techniques. Counterfactual explanations, with roots in human reasoning, identify the minimal input changes needed to obtain a given output…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Marharyta Domnich , Julius Välja , Rasmus Moorits Veski , Giacomo Magnifico , Kadi Tulver , Eduard Barbu , Raul Vicente

Human feedback is crucial in the interactions between humans and Large Language Models (LLMs). However, existing research primarily focuses on benchmarking LLMs in single-turn dialogues. Even in benchmarks designed for multi-turn dialogues,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Youquan Li , Miao Zheng , Fan Yang , Guosheng Dong , Bin Cui , Weipeng Chen , Zenan Zhou , Wentao Zhang

As language models (LMs) evolve from chat assistants to long-horizon agents capable of multi-step reasoning and tool use, existing benchmarks remain largely confined to structured or exam-style tasks that fall short of real-world…

More than 80% of the 1.6B English speakers do not use Standard American English (SAE), yet LLMs often fail to correctly identify non-SAE dialects and generate stereotyped responses for their speakers. We introduce DialectLLM, the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jio Oh , Paul Vicinanza , Thomas Butler , Steven Euijong Whang , Dezhi Hong , Amani Namboori

The pursuit of leaderboard rankings in Large Language Models (LLMs) has created a fundamental paradox: models excel at standardized tests while failing to demonstrate genuine language understanding and adaptability. Our systematic analysis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Sourav Banerjee , Ayushi Agarwal , Eishkaran Singh

Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) are increasingly integrated into daily applications, yet their generative biases remain underexplored. Existing speech fairness benchmarks rely on synthetic speech and Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs),…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Yi-Cheng Lin , Yusuke Hirota , Sung-Feng Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced in text and vision, but their reasoning on audio remains limited. Most existing methods rely on dense audio embeddings, which are difficult to interpret and often fail on structured reasoning…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Termeh Taheri , Yinghao Ma , Emmanouil Benetos

High-quality evaluation benchmarks are pivotal for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) in Automated Code Review (ACR). However, existing benchmarks suffer from two critical limitations: first, the lack of multi-language support in…