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Computer security has been a concern for decades and artificial intelligence techniques have been applied to the area for nearly as long. Most of the techniques are being applied to the detection of attacks to running systems, but recent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Steve Kommrusch

WalledEval is a comprehensive AI safety testing toolkit designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs). It accommodates a diverse range of models, including both open-weight and API-based ones, and features over 35 safety benchmarks…

As large language models~(LLMs) become widely adopted, ensuring their alignment with human values is crucial to prevent jailbreaks where adversaries manipulate models to produce harmful content. While most defenses target single-turn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Siyu Yan , Long Zeng , Xuecheng Wu , Chengcheng Han , Kongcheng Zhang , Chong Peng , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai , Chenjuan Guo

AI-enabled Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response (SOAR) systems increasingly employ autonomous agents for cyber defense, yet their resilience to adaptive adversaries is underexplored. We introduce an autonomous red teaming…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Ayan Javeed Shaikh , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Ankit Shah

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved remarkable success in robotic manipulation. However, their robustness to linguistic nuances remains a critical, under-explored safety concern, posing a significant safety risk to real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Baoshun Tong , Haoran He , Ling Pan , Yang Liu , Liang Lin

Large language models (LLMs) for code generation are becoming integral to modern software development, but their real-world prevalence and security impact remain poorly understood. We present the first large-scale empirical study of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Bin Wang , Wenjie Yu , Yilu Zhong , Hao Yu , Keke Lian , Chaohua Lu , Hongfang Zheng , Dong Zhang , Hui Li

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being used to augment and automate cyber operations, altering the scale, speed, and accessibility of malicious activity. These shifts raise urgent questions about when AI systems introduce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Krystal Jackson , Deepika Raman , Jessica Newman , Nada Madkour , Charlotte Yuan , Evan R. Murphy

This technical report presents methods developed by the UK AI Security Institute for assessing whether advanced AI systems reliably follow intended goals. Specifically, we evaluate whether frontier models sabotage safety research when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Alexandra Souly , Robert Kirk , Jacob Merizian , Abby D'Cruz , Xander Davies

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into safety-critical systems introduces a new reliability paradigm: silent failures, where AI produces confident but incorrect outputs that can be dangerous. This paper introduces the Formal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Guan-Yan Yang , Farn Wang

Automated red-teaming has become a crucial approach for uncovering vulnerabilities in large language models (LLMs). However, most existing methods focus on isolated safety flaws, limiting their ability to adapt to dynamic defenses and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Yanjiang Liu , Shuhen Zhou , Yaojie Lu , Huijia Zhu , Weiqiang Wang , Hongyu Lin , Ben He , Xianpei Han , Le Sun

Artificial intelligence systems are prevalent in everyday life, with use cases in retail, manufacturing, health, and many other fields. With the rise in AI adoption, associated risks have been identified, including privacy risks to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Shlomit Shachor , Natalia Razinkov , Abigail Goldsteen

AI safety training and red-teaming of large language models (LLMs) are measures to mitigate the generation of unsafe content. Our work exposes the inherent cross-lingual vulnerability of these safety mechanisms, resulting from the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Zheng-Xin Yong , Cristina Menghini , Stephen H. Bach

The rise of AI agent frameworks has introduced agent skills, modular packages containing instructions and executable code that dynamically extend agent capabilities. While this architecture enables powerful customization, skills execute…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Yi Liu , Weizhe Wang , Ruitao Feng , Yao Zhang , Guangquan Xu , Gelei Deng , Yuekang Li , Leo Zhang

High-quality datasets of real-world vulnerabilities and their corresponding verifiable exploits are crucial resources in software security research. Yet such resources remain scarce, as their creation demands intensive manual effort and…

The integration of vision-language models (VLMs) is driving a new generation of embodied agents capable of operating in human-centered environments. However, as deployment expands, these systems face growing safety risks, particularly when…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Zonghao Ying , Le Wang , Yisong Xiao , Jiakai Wang , Yuqing Ma , Jinyang Guo , Zhenfei Yin , Mingchuan Zhang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agentic systems that plan, memorize, and act in open-world environments. This shift brings new security problems: failures are no longer only unsafe text generation, but can become…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhihang Deng , Jiaping Gui , Weinan Zhang

Over the past year, artificial intelligence (AI) companies have been increasingly adopting AI safety frameworks. These frameworks outline how companies intend to keep the potential risks associated with developing and deploying frontier AI…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Jide Alaga , Jonas Schuett , Markus Anderljung

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are transforming critical sectors such as healthcare, finance, and transportation, enhancing operational efficiency and decision-making processes. However, their deployment in high-stakes domains has…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Diego Russo , Gian Marco Orlando , Valerio La Gatta , Vincenzo Moscato

To understand and identify the unprecedented risks posed by rapidly advancing artificial intelligence (AI) models, this report presents a comprehensive assessment of their frontier risks. Drawing on the E-T-C analysis (deployment…

From automated intrusion testing to discovery of zero-day attacks before software launch, agentic AI calls for great promises in security engineering. This strong capability is bound with a similar threat: the security and research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Brian Challita , Pierre Parrend