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Node classification on text-attributed graphs (TAGs) is a fundamental task with broad applications in citation analysis, social networks, and recommendation systems. Current GNN-based approaches suffer from shallow text encoding and heavy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ziqing Wang , Kaize Ding

Despite the success of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) on various applications, GNNs encounter significant performance degradation when the amount of supervision signals, i.e., number of labeled nodes, is limited, which is expected as GNNs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-29 Junseok Lee , Yunhak Oh , Yeonjun In , Namkyeong Lee , Dongmin Hyun , Chanyoung Park

Graph neural networks (GNNs) achieve strong performance on homophilic graphs but often struggle under heterophily, where adjacent nodes frequently belong to different classes. We propose an interpretable and adaptive framework for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Soroush Vahidi

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) for prediction tasks like node classification or edge prediction have received increasing attention in recent machine learning from graphically structured data. However, a large quantity of labeled graphs is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Yuexin Wu , Yichong Xu , Aarti Singh , Yiming Yang , Artur Dubrawski

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been extensively studied for prediction tasks on graphs. As pointed out by recent studies, most GNNs assume local homophily, i.e., strong similarities in local neighborhoods. This assumption however limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Sean Li , Dongwoo Kim , Qing Wang

Kernel methods have been successfully applied to the areas of pattern recognition and data mining. In this paper, we mainly discuss the issue of propagating labels in kernel space. A Kernel-Induced Label Propagation (Kernel-LP) framework by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Zhao Zhang , Lei Jia , Mingbo Zhao , Guangcan Liu , Meng Wang , Shuicheng Yan

Various Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been successful in analyzing data in non-Euclidean spaces, however, they have limitations such as oversmoothing, i.e., information becomes excessively averaged as the number of hidden layers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jaeyoon Sim , Sooyeon Jeon , InJun Choi , Guorong Wu , Won Hwa Kim

Neural message passing algorithms for semi-supervised classification on graphs have recently achieved great success. However, for classifying a node these methods only consider nodes that are a few propagation steps away and the size of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Johannes Gasteiger , Aleksandar Bojchevski , Stephan Günnemann

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) are a family of neural network models that perform inference on graph data by interleaving vertex-wise operations and message-passing exchanges across nodes. Concerning the latter, two key questions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Indro Spinelli , Simone Scardapane , Aurelio Uncini

Node classification in attributed graphs is an important task in multiple practical settings, but it can often be difficult or expensive to obtain labels. Active learning can improve the achieved classification performance for a given…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Florence Regol , Soumyasundar Pal , Yingxue Zhang , Mark Coates

Graph Neural Networks have shown excellent performance on semi-supervised classification tasks. However, they assume access to a graph that may not be often available in practice. In the absence of any graph, constructing k-Nearest Neighbor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Vijay Lingam , Arun Iyer , Rahul Ragesh

Graph neural network (GNN) and label propagation algorithm (LPA) are both message passing algorithms, which have achieved superior performance in semi-supervised classification. GNN performs feature propagation by a neural network to make…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Yunsheng Shi , Zhengjie Huang , Shikun Feng , Hui Zhong , Wenjin Wang , Yu Sun

Graph Convolutional Neural Networks (GCNNs) are generalizations of CNNs to graph-structured data, in which convolution is guided by the graph topology. In many cases where graphs are unavailable, existing methods manually construct graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Xiang Gao , Wei Hu , Zongming Guo

Graph neural networks (GNNs), which learn the node representations by recursively aggregating information from its neighbors, have become a predominant computational tool in many domains. To handle large-scale graphs, most of the existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Kaixiong Zhou , Ninghao Liu , Fan Yang , Zirui Liu , Rui Chen , Li Li , Soo-Hyun Choi , Xia Hu

Graph-based methods have been demonstrated as one of the most effective approaches for semi-supervised learning, as they can exploit the connectivity patterns between labeled and unlabeled data samples to improve learning performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-01 Qimai Li , Xiao-Ming Wu , Han Liu , Xiaotong Zhang , Zhichao Guan

We investigate the representation power of graph neural networks in the semi-supervised node classification task under heterophily or low homophily, i.e., in networks where connected nodes may have different class labels and dissimilar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Jiong Zhu , Yujun Yan , Lingxiao Zhao , Mark Heimann , Leman Akoglu , Danai Koutra

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable performance in modeling graphs for various applications. However, most existing GNNs assume the graphs exhibit strong homophily in node labels, i.e., nodes with similar labels are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Enyan Dai , Shijie Zhou , Zhimeng Guo , Suhang Wang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated superior performance for semi-supervised node classification on graphs, as a result of their ability to exploit node features and topological information simultaneously. However, most GNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Guoji Fu , Peilin Zhao , Yatao Bian

Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown prominent performance in semi-supervised node classification by leveraging knowledge from the graph database. However, most existing GNNs follow the homophily assumption, where connected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Henan Sun , Xunkai Li , Zhengyu Wu , Daohan Su , Rong-Hua Li , Guoren Wang

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have been widely applied in various fields due to their significant power on processing graph-structured data. Typical GCN and its variants work under a homophily assumption (i.e., nodes with same class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Tao Wang , Rui Wang , Di Jin , Dongxiao He , Yuxiao Huang