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While AI agents demonstrate remarkable capabilities in reasoning and tool use, they remain fundamentally reactive: they compute responses only after explicit user prompts. This paradigm ignores a critical opportunity: the idle time between…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Haoyi Hu , Qirong Lyu , Xianghan Kong , Weiwen Liu , Jianghao Lin , Zixuan Guo , Yan Xu , Yasheng Wang , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

We present ProgAgent, a continual reinforcement learning (CRL) agent that unifies progress-aware reward learning with a high-throughput, JAX-native system architecture. Lifelong robotic learning grapples with catastrophic forgetting and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jinzhou Tan , Gabriel Adineera , Jinoh Kim

Standard reinforcement learning (RL) for large language model (LLM) agents typically optimizes extrinsic rewards, prioritizing isolated task completion over continual adaptation. Consequently, agents often converge to suboptimal policies…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xiaoying Zhang , Zichen Liu , Yipeng Zhang , Xia Hu , Wenqi Shao

Proactive agents that anticipate user intentions without explicit prompts represent a significant evolution in human-AI interaction, promising to reduce cognitive load and streamline workflows. However, existing datasets suffer from two…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yuanbo Tang , Huaze Tang , Tingyu Cao , Lam Nguyen , Anping Zhang , Xinwen Cao , Chunkang Liu , Wenbo Ding , Yang Li

Existing methods for AI psychological counselors predominantly rely on supervised fine-tuning using static dialogue datasets. However, this contrasts with human experts, who continuously refine their proficiency through clinical practice…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yutao Yang , Junsong Li , Qianjun Pan , Jie Zhou , Kai Chen , Qin Chen , Jingyuan Zhao , Ningning Zhou , Xin Li , Liang He

Deep Research (DR) agents extend Large Language Models (LLMs) beyond parametric knowledge by autonomously retrieving and synthesizing evidence from large web corpora into long-form reports, enabling a long-horizon agentic paradigm. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Haohao Luo , Zexi Li , Yuexiang Xie , Wenhao Zhang , Yaliang Li , Ying Shen

Proactive task-oriented agents must autonomously anticipate user needs, identify actionable opportunities, and trigger software actions at appropriate moments - fundamentally shifting from reactive systems that await explicit instructions.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lei Ding , Bin He , Chenguang Wang , Yang Liu

Agents powered by large language models have shown remarkable abilities in solving complex tasks. However, most agent systems remain reactive, limiting their effectiveness in scenarios requiring foresight and autonomous decision-making. In…

Reinforcement Learning (RL) significantly enhances the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), yet applying it to multi-turn agentic tasks remains challenging due to the long-horizon nature of interactions and the stochasticity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Jingyue Gao , Yanjiang Guo , Xiaoshuai Chen , Jianyu Chen

Large Language Model (LLM) agents have shown stunning results in complex tasks, yet they often operate in isolation, failing to learn from past experiences. Existing memory-based methods primarily store raw trajectories, which are often…

Memory management is vital for LLM agents to handle long-term interaction and personalization. Most research focuses on how to organize and use memory summary, but often overlooks the initial memory extraction stage. In this paper, we argue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chengyuan Yang , Zequn Sun , Wei Wei , Wei Hu

A proactive dialogue system has the ability to proactively lead the conversation. Different from the general chatbots which only react to the user, proactive dialogue systems can be used to achieve some goals, e.g., to recommend some items…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Yutao Zhu , Jian-Yun Nie , Kun Zhou , Pan Du , Hao Jiang , Zhicheng Dou

Recent studies have begun to explore proactive large language model (LLM) agents that provide unobtrusive assistance by automatically leveraging contextual information, such as in code editing and in-app suggestions. However, most focus on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Bufang Yang , Lilin Xu , Liekang Zeng , Yunqi Guo , Siyang Jiang , Wenrui Lu , Kaiwei Liu , Yixuan Li , Xiaofan Jiang , Guoliang Xing , Zhenyu Yan

Large Language Model (LLM) web agents often struggle with long-horizon web navigation and web task completion in new websites, producing inefficient action sequences unless fine-tuned on environment-specific data. We show that…

The development of autonomous tool-use agents for complex, long-horizon tasks in collaboration with human users has become the frontier of agentic research. During multi-turn Human-AI interactions, the dynamic and uncertain nature of user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Prince Zizhuang Wang , Shuli Jiang

Effective human-agent collaboration is increasingly prevalent in real-world applications. Current trends in such collaborations are predominantly unidirectional, with users providing instructions or posing questions to agents, where agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Emre Can Acikgoz , Jinoh Oh , Jie Hao , Joo Hyuk Jeon , Heng Ji , Dilek Hakkani-Tür , Gokhan Tur , Xiang Li , Chengyuan Ma , Xing Fan

Self-evolving agents improve by accumulating and reusing experience from past interactions. Existing work has largely focused on how experience is constructed, represented, and updated, while paying less attention to how experience should…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Weixiang Zhao , Yingshuo Wang , Yichen Zhang , Yanyan Zhao , Yu Zhang , Yang Wu , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Experience-driven self-evolving agents aim to overcome the static nature of large language models by distilling reusable experience from past interactions, thus enabling adaptation to novel tasks at deployment time. This process places…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhiyuan Fan , Wenwei Jin , Feng Zhang , Bin Li , Yihong Dong , Yao Hu , Jiawei Li

Autonomous agent frameworks still struggle to reconcile long-term experiential learning with real-time, context-sensitive decision-making. In practice, this gap appears as static cognition, rigid workflow dependence, and inefficient context…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiaoxing Wang , Ning Liao , Shikun Wei , Chen Tang , Feiyu Xiong

Learning how to do things from trial and error in real time is a hallmark of biological intelligence, yet most LLM-based agents lack mechanisms to acquire procedural knowledge after deployment. We propose Procedural Recall for Agents with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Dasheng Bi , Yubin Hu , Mohammed N. Nasir
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