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Magnetic resonance imaging is a fundamental tool to reach a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and monitoring its progression. Although several attempts have been made to segment multiple sclerosis lesions using artificial intelligence, fully…

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most widespread and burdensome health problems [1-4]. Total knee replacement (TKR) may be offered as treatment for end-stage knee OA. Nevertheless, TKR is an invasive procedure involving prosthesis…

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) assessment involves a natural but often underused label hierarchy: a coarse binary OA decision and a fine-grained Kellgren--Lawrence (KL) severity grade. Existing deep learning studies commonly treat these targets…

Automatic classification of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) can assist ophthalmologists in devising personalized treatment plans, making it a critical component of clinical practice. However, imbalanced data distribution in the dataset becomes a…

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease typically diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which quantifies areal bone mineral density but overlooks bone microarchitecture and surrounding soft tissues. High-resolution peripheral…

Bone fragility and fracture caused by osteoporosis or injury are prevalent in adults over the age of 50 and can reduce their quality of life. Hence, predicting the biomechanical bone strength, specifically of the proximal femur, through…

Automatic segmentation of diverse heterogeneous brain lesions using multi-modal MRI is a challenging problem in clinical neuroimaging, mainly because of the lack of generalizability and high prediction variance of pathology-specific deep…

In this paper, we present a deep learning-based image processing technique for extraction of bone structures in chest radiographs using a U-Net FCNN. The U-Net was trained to accomplish the task in a fully supervised setting. To create the…

Retinal lesions play a vital role in the accurate classification of retinal abnormalities. Many researchers have proposed deep lesion-aware screening systems that analyze and grade the progression of retinopathy. However, to the best of our…

Within the domain of medical image analysis, three distinct methodologies have demonstrated commendable accuracy: Neural Networks, Decision Trees, and Ensemble-Based Learning Algorithms, particularly in the specialized context of genstro…

Radiologists use various imaging modalities to aid in different tasks like diagnosis of disease, lesion visualization, surgical planning and prognostic evaluation. Most of these tasks rely on the the accurate delineation of the anatomical…

At present, the majority of the proposed Deep Learning (DL) methods provide point predictions without quantifying the models uncertainty. However, a quantification of the reliability of automated image analysis is essential, in particular…

Purpose: Neural networks have received recent interest for reconstruction of undersampled MR acquisitions. Ideally network performance should be optimized by drawing the training and testing data from the same domain. In practice, however,…

It is common in anthropology and paleontology to address questions about extant and extinct species through the quantification of osteological features observable in micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) scans. In cases where remains were…

Deep neural networks for chest X-ray classification achieve strong average performance, yet often underperform for specific demographic subgroups, raising critical concerns about clinical safety and equity. Existing debiasing methods…

Background: Accumulation of abnormal contact stress is a primary biomechanical driver of acute meniscal tears and chronic osteoarthritis. While Finite Element Analysis (FEA) provides the necessary fidelity to quantify these injury-inducing…

Deep learning-based low-dose computed tomography reconstruction methods already achieve high performance on standard image quality metrics like peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index measure. Yet, they frequently fail to…

The examination of Osteoarthritis disease through X-ray by rheumatology can be classified into four grade of severity. This paper discusses about the application of artificial neural network backpropagation method for measuring the severity…

Precise sensing and control of spatial mode content is essential for the performance of precision optical systems, particularly interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, where misalignment and mode mismatch can lead to significant…

Purpose: Hip fractures are a common cause of morbidity and mortality. Automatic identification and classification of hip fractures using deep learning may improve outcomes by reducing diagnostic errors and decreasing time to operation.…