Related papers: Visualising CTL Witnesses and Counterexamples -- E…
An essential element of any verification technique is that of identifying and communicating to the user, system behaviour which leads to a deviation from the expected behaviour. Such behaviours are typically made available as long traces of…
Online tracking of multiple objects in videos requires strong capacity of modeling and matching object appearances. Previous methods for learning appearance embedding mostly rely on instance-level matching without considering the temporal…
An entanglement witness is an observable with the property that a negative expectation value signals the presence of entanglement. The question arises how a witness can be improved if the expectation value of a second observable is known,…
Not all properties are monitorable. This is a well-known fact, and it means there exist properties that cannot be fully verified at runtime. However, given a non-monitorable property, a monitor can still be synthesised, but it could end up…
Computation Tree Logic (CTL) and its extensions CTL* and CTL+ are widely used in automated verification as a basis for common model checking tools. But while they can express many properties of interest like reachability, even simple…
Temporal logic specifications play an important role in a wide range of software analysis tasks, such as model checking, automated synthesis, program comprehension, and runtime monitoring. Given a set of positive and negative examples,…
Recent advances in Large Language Models have led to Large Reasoning Models, which produce step-by-step reasoning traces. These traces offer insight into how models think and their goals, improving explainability and helping users follow…
Graded path modalities count the number of paths satisfying a property, and generalize the existential (E) and universal (A) path modalities of CTL*. The resulting logic is called GCTL*. We settle the complexity of satisfiability of GCTL*,…
To verify and validate networks, it is essential to gain insight into their decisions, limitations as well as possible shortcomings of training data. In this work, we propose a post-hoc, optimization based visual explanation method, which…
Context: Traceability is a key quality attribute of artifacts that are used in knowledge-intensive tasks and supports software engineers in producing higher-quality software. Despite its clear benefits, traceability is often neglected in…
The aim of this study is to understand the inherent expressive power of CTL operators. We investigate the complexity of model checking for all CTL fragments with one CTL operator and arbitrary Boolean operators. This gives us a fingerprint…
Entanglement witnesses provide a standard tool for the analysis of entanglement in experiments. We investigate possible nonlinear entanglement witnesses from several perspectives. First, we demonstrate that they can be used to show that the…
Contrastive explanations clarify why an event occurred in contrast to another. They are more inherently intuitive to humans to both produce and comprehend. We propose a methodology to produce contrastive explanations for classification…
Context: Safety is of paramount importance for cyber-physical systems in domains such as automotive, robotics, and avionics. Formal methods such as model checking are one way to ensure the safety of cyber-physical systems. However, adoption…
The two major systems of formal verification are model checking and algebraic model-based testing. Model checking is based on some form of temporal logic such as linear temporal logic (LTL) or computation tree logic (CTL). One powerful and…
HyperLTL is an extension of linear-time temporal logic for the specification of hyperproperties, i.e., temporal properties that relate multiple computation traces. HyperLTL can express information flow policies as well as properties like…
Hyperproperties are a modern specification paradigm that extends trace properties to express properties of sets of traces. Temporal logics for hyperproperties studied in the literature, including HyperLTL, assume a synchronous semantics and…
Standpoint linear temporal logic ($SLTL$) is a recently introduced extension of classical linear temporal logic ($LTL$) with standpoint modalities. Intuitively, these modalities allow to express that, from agent $a$'s standpoint, it is…
Contract conformance is hard to determine statically, prior to the deployment of large pieces of software. A scalable alternative is to monitor for contract violations post-deployment: once a violation is detected, the trace characterising…
The model checking problem for CTL is known to be P-complete (Clarke, Emerson, and Sistla (1986), see Schnoebelen (2002)). We consider fragments of CTL obtained by restricting the use of temporal modalities or the use of…