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We apply a dynamical systems approach to concatenation of quantum error correcting codes, extending and generalizing the results of Rahn et al. [1] to both diagonal and nondiagonal channels. Our point of view is global: instead of focusing…
We analyse two coupled ODE models of political competition on invariant probability simplices with a conserved electorate. The baseline three-group model tracks left-radical, centrist, and right-radical voter shares. We characterise the…
Dynamic unary encoding takes unary encoding to the next level. Every n-bit binary string is an encoding of dynamic unary and every n-bit binary string is encodable by dynamic unary. By utilizing both forms of unary code and a single bit of…
All Lipschitz dynamics with the weak infinitesimal contraction (WIC) property can be expressed as a Lipschitz nonlinear system in proportional negative feedback -- this statement, a ``structure theorem,'' is true in the $p=1$ and $p=\infty$…
The quasi-equilibrium approximation is acceptable when molecular interactions are fast enough compared to circuit dynamics, but is no longer allowed when cellular activities are governed by rare events. A typical example is the lactose…
The purpose of this paper is to show three general formulas of three global characteristic coefficients of Collatz function. The Collatz function is defined by the following operation on an arbitrary positive integer if N is odd multiply it…
I introduce a novel mathematical framework integrating topological dynamics, operator algebras, and ergodic geometry to study lattices of asynchronous metric dynamical systems. Each node in the lattice carries an internal flow represented…
The \textit{Collatz's conjecture} is an unsolved problem in mathematics. It is named after Lothar Collatz in 1973. The conjecture also known as Syrucuse conjecture or problem. Take any positive integer $ n $. If $ n $ is even then divide it…
We consider the problem of reconstructing the unitary describing the evolution of a quantum system, or quantum channel, from a set of input and output states. For ideal, fully coherent evolution, we show that the unitary can be…
Ar{\i}kan's polar coding technique is based on the idea of synthesizing $n$ channels from the $n$ instances of the physical channel by a simple linear encoding transformation. Each synthesized channel corresponds to a particular input to…
We study a discrete-time asynchronous midpoint dynamics on the circle in which, at each step, a uniformly chosen neighboring pair moves to the midpoint along the shortest arc. Although the update rule is locally contractive, we show that…
Osborne's iteration is a method for balancing $n\times n$ matrices which is widely used in linear algebra packages, as balancing preserves eigenvalues and stabilizes their numeral computation. The iteration can be implemented in any norm…
The representation of numbers in rational base $p/q$ was introduced in 2008 by Akiyama, Frougny & Sakarovitch, with a special focus on the case $p/q=3/2$. Unnoticed since then, natural questions related to representations in that specific…
We present a new algorithm for iterating over all permutations of a sequence. The algorithm leverages elementary~$O(1)$ operations on recursive lists. As a result, no new nodes are allocated during the computation. Instead, all elements are…
Motivated by the sequence reconstruction problem initiated by Levenshtein, reconstruction codes were introduced by Cai \emph{et al}. to combat errors when a fixed number of noisy channels are available. The central problem on this topic is…
In this paper, we discuss the well known 3x+1 conjecture in form of the accelerated Collatz function T defined on the positive odd integers. We present a sequence of quotient spaces and an invertible map that are intrinsically related to…
We describe a universality class of the transitions of a generalized P\'{o}lya urn by studying the asymptotic behavior of the normalized correlation function $C(t)$ using finite-size scaling analysis. $X(1),X(2),\cdots$ are the successive…
Taking a new approach towards analyzing the Collatz Problem, or, 3x+1 conjecture. Introducing some new functions, the Collatz-2 and Collatz-3 sequences, as well as deducing results related to Collatz-2 and Collatz-3 sequences.
Discrete time evolution of one-dimensional maps is embedded in continuous time by truncating the Taylor series expansion of the time evolution operator to a finite order N. Truncations with N > 4 leads to unconditional instability.…
Imposing orthogonality on the layers of neural networks is known to facilitate the learning by limiting the exploding/vanishing of the gradient; decorrelate the features; improve the robustness. This paper studies the theoretical properties…