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Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has become the standard for customising Foundation Models (FMs) to user-specific downstream tasks. However, typical PEFT methods require storing multiple task-specific adapters, creating scalability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Abhinav Jain , Swarat Chaudhuri , Thomas Reps , Chris Jermaine

Despite growing interest in automated hate speech detection, most existing approaches overlook the linguistic diversity of online content. Multilingual instruction-tuned large language models such as LLaMA, Aya, Qwen, and BloomZ offer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Faeze Ghorbanpour , Daryna Dementieva , Alexander Fraser

A particularly successful class of approaches for few-shot learning combines language models with prompts -- hand-crafted task descriptions that complement data samples. However, designing prompts by hand for each task commonly requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Rami Aly , Xingjian Shi , Kaixiang Lin , Aston Zhang , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Gisting (Mu et al., 2023) is a simple method for training models to compress information into fewer token representations using a modified attention mask, and can serve as an economical approach to training Transformer-based hypernetworks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Jason Phang

Few-shot learning, especially few-shot image classification, has received increasing attention and witnessed significant advances in recent years. Some recent studies implicitly show that many generic techniques or ``tricks'', such as data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Wenbin Li , Ziyi , Wang , Xuesong Yang , Chuanqi Dong , Pinzhuo Tian , Tiexin Qin , Jing Huo , Yinghuan Shi , Lei Wang , Yang Gao , Jiebo Luo

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has been widely employed for domain adaptation, with LoRA being one of the most prominent methods due to its simplicity and effectiveness. However, in multi-task learning (MTL) scenarios, LoRA tends to…

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is the bread and butter of Large Language Model (LLM) finetuning. LoRA learns an additive low-rank perturbation, $AB$, of a pretrained matrix parameter $W$ to align the model to a new task or dataset with $W+AB$.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Hai Huang , Randall Balestriero

Metaphor is a pervasive feature of discourse and a powerful lens for examining cognition, emotion, and ideology. Large-scale analysis, however, has been constrained by the need for manual annotation due to the context-sensitive nature of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Matteo Fuoli , Weihang Huang , Jeannette Littlemore , Sarah Turner , Ellen Wilding

What kinds of instructional prompts are easier to follow for Language Models (LMs)? We study this question by conducting extensive empirical analysis that shed light on important features of successful instructional prompts. Specifically,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Swaroop Mishra , Daniel Khashabi , Chitta Baral , Yejin Choi , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method for Large Language Models (LLMs), but it still incurs notable overhead and suffers from parameter interference in complex datasets. While recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Huanrong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Meta-learning has been proposed as a framework to address the challenging few-shot learning setting. The key idea is to leverage a large number of similar few-shot tasks in order to learn how to adapt a base-learner to a new task for which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-10 Qianru Sun , Yaoyao Liu , Tat-Seng Chua , Bernt Schiele

Mental health disorders pose a growing public health concern in the Arab world, emphasizing the need for accessible diagnostic and intervention tools. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising approach, but their application in Arabic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Noureldin Zahran , Aya E. Fouda , Radwa J. Hanafy , Mohammed E. Fouda

Large pre-trained vision-language (VL) models have shown significant promise in adapting to various downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning the entire network is challenging due to the massive number of model parameters. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Jingchen Sun , Jiayu Qin , Zihao Lin , Changyou Chen

Objective To develop soft prompt-based learning algorithms for large language models (LLMs), examine the shape of prompts, prompt-tuning using frozen/unfrozen LLMs, transfer learning, and few-shot learning abilities. Methods We developed a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Cheng Peng , Xi Yang , Kaleb E Smith , Zehao Yu , Aokun Chen , Jiang Bian , Yonghui Wu

The recent surge in large-scale foundation models has spurred the development of efficient methods for adapting these models to various downstream tasks. Low-rank adaptation methods, such as LoRA, have gained significant attention due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Sanghyeon Kim , Hyunmo Yang , Younghyun Kim , Youngjoon Hong , Eunbyung Park

Little research explores the correlation between the expressive ability and generalization ability of the low-rank adaptation (LoRA). Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) improves model generalization for both Convolutional Neural Networks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jiaxin Deng , Qingcheng Zhu , Junbiao Pang , Linlin Yang , Zhongqian Fu , Baochang Zhang

Few-shot prompting has emerged as a practical alternative to fine-tuning for leveraging the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) in specialized tasks. However, its effectiveness depends heavily on the selection and quality of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Fouad Trad , Ali Chehab

The task of learning from only a few examples (called a few-shot setting) is of key importance and relevance to a real-world setting. For question answering (QA), the current state-of-the-art pre-trained models typically need fine-tuning on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Rakesh Chada , Pradeep Natarajan

Adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to new tasks through fine-tuning has been made more efficient by the introduction of Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) techniques, such as LoRA. However, these methods often underperform compared…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Chunlin Tian , Zhan Shi , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li , Chengzhong Xu

Large-scale multimodal representation learning successfully optimizes for zero-shot transfer at test time. Yet the standard pretraining paradigm (contrastive learning on large amounts of image-text data) does not explicitly encourage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Karsten Roth , Zeynep Akata , Dima Damen , Ivana Balažević , Olivier J. Hénaff